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Quotes of the Day:
Many scholars are confused about the core of the subject of strategy. Although I believe that strategy, the function, is eternal and universal, apparently not everyone agrees. Some scholars, especially historians, prefer to believe that strategy is a relatively modern invention, indeed is one that has been migrating in meaning since it first emerged in French, English, and German in the 1770s. I must say that I find this belief in the modernity of strategy to be close to absurd. However, I have test-driven the view that strategy is a modern invention or discovery at gatherings of senior American historians, who, I must report, found the thesis to be ridiculous.[iv] The view that we could not have strategy ‘before the word’, was rejected almost out of hand. The point is that strategy as a function has always been understood and attempted, regardless of the availability or otherwise of a neat enough concept in the contemporary language of choice. Experience does not always require language that today we find to be conducive to appropriate thought. Over the course of the Twentieth Century, strategy substantially migrated from the Clausewitzian focus upon the use made of battle for the political purpose of a war, towards the paying of greater attention to the value of military power for the ends of policy, whatever they may be. The change was modest, but noticeable, in its post-Victorian deemphasising narrowly of battle as a principal engine of strategic history. We in the West became somewhat disenchanted with the strategic promise of and in battle by the grim protracted events of 1916 and 1917 in particular. We humans have always sought to behave strategically, in good part because there is not, and has never been, any practicable alternative. Functionally, the Greeks did strategy, as also did the Romans. The fundamental abstract architecture of strategic theory applied in all climes and circumstances. Just four words express the core of the matter — (Political) Ends, (Strategic) Ways, (Military) Means, and the Assumptions that inform and can well drive action.
- Colin Gray
"Progress is impossible without change; and those who cannot change their minds, cannot change anything."
- Bernard Shaw.
"Men cannot improve a society by setting fire to it: they must seek out its old virtues, and bring them back into the light."
- Russell, Kirk
1. Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III Joint Press Conference with Republic of Korea Minister of National Defense Shin Won-Sik Following the U.S.-ROK Security Consultative Meeting, in Seoul, South Korea
2. U.N. Command member states vow united response if S. Korea attacked
3. S. Korea resumes task force after 11-yr hiatus on its citizens held in N. Korea
4. Austin expresses concerns over growing military ties between N. Korea, Russia
5. S. Korea considering partial suspension of inter-Korean military agreement upon N. Korean satellite launch
6. Defense chief offers support for signing of Australia's armored vehicle acquisition deal
7. Vice defense chiefs of S. Korea, Philippines agree to closely cooperate in defense industry
8. S. Korea, China hold inaugural public-private economic exchange meeting
9. N Korea slams G7, signals nuclear program to continue
10. ROK, US to leverage top three U.S. nuclear forces to counter N. Korea’s nuclear weapons
11. Korean battery makers cut U.S. jobs as EV demand declines
12. North Korea's never-paid-for Volvos still 'going strong' after nearly 50 years
13. Taking stock of North Korea, Russia and China's northern triangle
14. Korea's defense industry rises
15. [Herald Interview] Inaugural meeting maps UNC 2.0 amid shifting security dynamics
16. "The best way to spot an idiot. Look for the person who is cruel."
1. Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III Joint Press Conference with Republic of Korea Minister of National Defense Shin Won-Sik Following the U.S.-ROK Security Consultative Meeting, in Seoul, South Korea
Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III Joint Press Conference with Republic of Korea Minister of National Defense Shin Won-Sik Following the U.S.-ROK Security Consultative Meeting, in Seoul, South Korea
Nov. 13, 2023
Lloyd J. Austin, Secretary of Defense; Shin Won-sik, South Korean Defense Minister
defense.gov
STAFF: We will now begin the joint press briefing of the 55th Security Consultative Meeting. First, Mr. Shin with his opening remarks.
MINISTER OF NATIONAL DEFENSE SHIN WON-SIK (THROUGH TRANSLATOR): Good afternoon. This is the minister of national defense, Shin Won-sik.
We are in the face of a grave international security situation today. While the North Korean nuclear missile threats are advanced by the day, the armed conflict between Israel and Hamas is intensifying and the war in Ukraine is prolonging.
Amid such circumstances, the fact that Secretary Austin and I are closely cooperating for three days through(inaudible) defense ministerial meeting with Japan yesterday, the 55th Security Consultative Meeting today and (inaudible) defense ministerial meeting tomorrow clearly displays to the world that the ROK-U.S. alliance that's celebrating its 78th anniversary this year is making both qualitative and quantitative leaps forward for peace and stability and prosperity of not only the Korean Peninsula, but the world.
During the 55th Security Consultative Meeting, which is the core of the three-day course of our schedules, Secretary Austin and I affirm the robustness of the ROK-U.S. alliance and the strength of the combined defense posture. At the same time, we also materialized agreements of the defense sector, developed the alliance into a global comprehensive strategic alliance.
North Korea continues to advance its nuclear and missile capability. It's making blatant threats of nuclear usage by stipulating offensive nuclear force policy in its constitution.
Secretary Austin and I reaffirm the steadfast commitment of both countries to the powerful ROK-U.S. combined defense posture to deter and respond to such threats by North Korea.
As part of the commitment, the Republic of Korea and the United States conducted the largest-scale Combined Joint Live-Fire (inaudible) training in history this year, and will expand the scale and level of combined exercises and field training exercises, thereby establishing a formidable, combined defense posture that can punish North Korea immediately, powerfully and until the end, when it provokes.
Additionally, Secretary Austin reiterated current U.S. commitment to the provision of extended deterrence to the Republic of Korea, utilizing a full range of U.S. defense capabilities. Along with the observation of ICBM test launch on Vandenberg Space Force Base by the alliance officials, the increase in frequency and intensity of U.S. strategic asset deployment, including the first visit of a U.S. ballistic missile submarine to Korea in 40 years and the first-ever landing of B-52H strategic bombers in the Korean Peninsula demonstrated the U.S. commitment to the defense of ROK, as well as its will and capability to implement the commitment.
The ROK-U.S. alliance now, based on the Washington regulation announced by the presidents the Republic of Korea and the United States will jointly plan and execute the ROK's conventional support to the U.S. nuclear operations. The extended deterrence will evolve into one that is executed together by the ROK and the U.S.
Secretary Austin and I noted that we can never accept any nuclear attack by North Korea, and if it does use nuclear weapons, North Korea will face immediate, overwhelming and decisive response from the Republic of Korea and the United States which will lead to the end of the Kim regime.
Secretary Austin and I share the sentiment that the ROK-U.S. alliance is playing a pivotal role for the free, open and prosperous Indo-Pacific, and that the Republic of Korea and the United States will generate the effects of synergy by closely cooperating in the process of implementing their respective Indo-Pacific strategies.
In particular, we concur on the importance of strengthening bilateral security cooperation among the Republic of Korea, the United States and Japan and peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and in the Indo-Pacific region, and pledge to firmly continue the momentum of security cooperation created by the agreements made at Camp David in August.
As discussed in the trilateral defense ministerial meeting with Japan this week, Secretary Austin and I emphasized the importance of deepening the trilateral security cooperation in both quality and quantity by operationalizing the ROK-U.S.-Japan real-time missile warning data sharing system to jointly respond to North Korean nuclear and missile threats and conducting systematic exercises by establishing multi-year trilateral exercise planning.
Secretary Austin and I assess that the United Nations Command has successfully fulfilled its role of implementing, managing, and executing the Armistice Agreement, to deterring North Korean aggression and coordinating multilateral contribution for security on the Korean Peninsula.
Secretary Austin and I will participate together in the first-ever ROK-U.S.-UNC members-based defense ministerial meeting hosted in Seoul tomorrow. We will seek for options to expand combined exercises among the Republic of Korea and UNC member states and strengthen interoperability in order to enlarge the USC contribution to security on the Korean Peninsula. We will also exchange our opinions of expanding the scope of UNC by promoting the inclusion of like-minded countries of the Republic of Korea and the United States to the United Nations Command based on the principles and resolve of the U.N. Charter.
During the meeting, Secretary Austin and I endorsed the defense vision of the ROK-U.S. alliance, a blueprint preparing the future 100 years of the alliance beyond the past 70 years. The defense vision of the ROK-U.S. alliance is a blueprint for the realization of the will the two countries' presidents that the alliance, as a global comprehensive strategic alliance, will stride forward to the future further expanding its depth and scope.
Going forward, the Republic of Korea and the United States will evolve into an out -- an alliance of size and technology based on the defense mission by applying cutting-edge science and technology in the areas of space, quantum, cybersecurity and A.I. to the defense sector, security supply chain resilience and pursuing interoperability, as well as (inaudible).
For the past 70 years, the ROK-U.S. alliance has developed into the lynchpin of peace, stability and prosperity of not only the Korean Peninsula, but the world, and one of the strongest alliance in history.
Secretary Austin and I are certain that the 55th Security Consultative Meeting has reaffirmed the ironclad ROK-U.S. alliance as well as the strong combined defense posture and served as a cornerstone in which the alliance can develop into the global comprehensive strategic alliance. I promise the people of both countries by going forward as well, I will closely cooperate with Secretary Austin so that the alliance can deter and respond to North Korean threats based on the robust combined defense posture and become the lynchpin of peace and stability for the world beyond the Korean Peninsula. Thank you.
STAFF (THROUGH TRANSLATOR): Now, Secretary Austin with his opening remarks.
SECRETARY OF DEFENSE LLOYD J. AUSTIN III: Well, good afternoon, everyone. Let me again thank Minister Shin for hosting the 55th Security Consultative Meeting. It's always great to be back in Seoul, and I'm especially honored to be here during the 70th anniversary of our alliance.
For seven decades, this alliance has been an anchor of peace and security on the Korean Peninsula and across the broader Indo-Pacific. We're about to conclude an historic year for the United States and for the Republic of Korea, and I'm proud to say that our alliance is stronger than ever. And our deterrence commitment to the ROK remains ironclad. That includes the full range of our nuclear, conventional and missile defense capabilities.
And today, during the Security Consultative Meeting, Minister Shin and I discussed shared opportunities to strengthen the alliance ever further. We discussed continued destabilizing actions by the DPRK that threaten our regional security environment, as well as PRC and Russian activities that undermine the rules-based international order.
Minister Shin and I also had the opportunity to review the strong progress that we've made in advancing the ambitious -- ambitious agenda that our presidents charted in April during the ROK State Visit to the United States.
We have deployed a number of strategic assets to the ROK, including a port visit in July to Pusan by a ballistic nuclear submarine. This was the first such port visit to the ROK in more than 40 years.
Last month, we also had a B-52 bomber land on the Korean Peninsula for the first time this century. Now, that's a milestone for our deterrence efforts. And through our regular combined exercises, we are continuing to strengthen our shared readiness in our ability to fight tonight if necessary.
And as you heard Minister Shin say earlier, we had a great trilateral teleconference yesterday with Japan's new minister of defense. And our three democracies will continue to work together to ensure stability and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific.
Minister Shin, we're doing more than ever to strengthen our alliance. So thanks again for your outstanding hospitality and your leadership.
And we'll be glad to take some questions.
STAFF: At this time, we'll receive questions from the media. Please raise your hand to be called for a question. And once you're called, please say your name and your association (inaudible).
Q: Secretary Austin, according to the joint statement you and Mr. Shin exchanged opinions about the 2018 inter-Korean Military Agreement, and I was wondering whether (inaudible) in Washington are on the same page over the issue. Do you think (inaudible) affect ROK-U.S. combined defense posture, and it should be reconsidered to better counter those planned provocations using similar tactics to Hamas's surprise attacks on Israel, or is it an effective mechanism that prevents potential clashes near the border?
Q: Question rererred to Minister Shin. The series FCM had included a discussion of revising the Tailored Deterrence Strategy with TDS, and also methods to improve the execution capability of the extended deterrence was also discussed. How are the discussions that occurred something different from other ones that happened in the past, and also given that the Republic of Korea is relying on -- on the U.S.'s nuclear capability to defend itself, does this cause any concerns regarding the security of the -- of the Republic of Korea? And is this enough to deter nuclear threats caused by North Korea? And if there are, what are some improvement measures that can be taken?
SEC. AUSTIN: So the first part of your question, I believe, was in -- was regarding the CMA. We have an opportunity to exchange views on -- on this. And we agreed to stay in close consultation going forward.
MIN. SHIN (THROUGH TRANSLATOR): The question was regarding the revision of Tailored Deterrence Strategy and how it differs from the past? Tailored Deterrence Strategy was first established 10 years ago, and 10 -- the biggest difference would be that throughout the 10 years, North Korea has greatly advanced its nuclear capability, and the second difference would be that there were outcomes of the Washington Declaration which led to the launch -- launching of Nuclear Consultative Group, or NCG.
And therefore -- and therefore, by utilizing these agreements, we have now included the U.S. nuclear forces, which were exempted in the past. Currently we have included these into the consultation between the Republic of Korea and the United States.
And it's significant that that item is now in the range of discussion between the two countries. In the past, Tailored Deterrence Strategy used to be an item based on our concepts. However, this year, we have made the improvements, and throughout the year, we have made the improvements so that the Republic of Korea and the United States are now at a stage where we can jointly plan and execute combined exercises as well.
Additionally, another question was on whether the Republic of Korea's security is currently developed to the point where it is -- where the efforts are sufficient, or if the efforts are sufficient enough to protect the security of the Republic of Korea.
For this, I'd like to say that the Republic of Korea and the United States are continuously developing the extended deterrence, and by doing so, we are sending a message to North Korea and other countries that could possibly assist North Korea, and that is -- North Korea's attempt to draw a wedge between the ROK-U.S. alliance is a fruit -- is a fruitless and useless effort.
And also, additionally, we are also sending a message that through -- excuse me -- and also it's very significant that we are developing the consultation at a strategic level as well. And therefore, that we are overall -- it causes a this brings about the positive effect to the security of the Republic of Korea.
And also, we are improving (inaudible) into both -- on -- in all aspects, including policy at a strategic level and also operational aspect as well. Thereby, we are strengthening the deterrence that our -- our country has.
Q: Thank you very much. My name is Ryo Nakamura, Japan’s Nikkei Asia. Two questions. First, to the -- Secretary Austin, U.S., Japan, South Korea have made major progress on (inaudible) defense cooperation. Do you think it is time for the three countries to discuss operational, trilateral operational plan for contingency with North Korea?
And secondly, on China, the -- President Biden is going to meet with President Xi this week to -- to -- to restart the military-to-military talks. And you to (inaudible) to participate in an international conference. Are you planning to meet with the head of the Chinese delegation on the sideline? And do you believe renewed military-to-military talks could stop Chinese unsafe intercepts in the air and (inaudible)?
And to Mr. Minister, U.S. military is now (inaudible) two -- two conflicts in the Middle East and Ukraine and also focusing on handling the challenges presented by China. How concerned are you the U.S. could be -- is (inaudible) from handling the threat posed by North Korea moving ahead? Thank you very much.
SEC. AUSTIN: Thanks, Ryo. I lost track of how many questions that was but -- but it appeared to be more than two, so.
For the two questions that you asked of me though, the first one was on the relationship between the ROK, Japan, and the U.S. and whether or not we should be doing combined planning going forward.
Ryo, I could tell you that I'm really proud of the progress that we have made in recent years in terms of the cooperation between our three countries. We see more trilateral cooperation than we -- than we have ever seen.
We certainly -- because -- well -- well, an outcome of the summit that was conducted in -- in Washington with our -- our three leaders -- agreed to share data -- and -- and we have made a -- a lot of progress towards that end. In -- in the coming weeks, you'll see us making some announcements here.
We -- you've seen us most recently conduct a combined air exercise, where all three countries flew together, and that's a -- that's really a -- a remarkable accomplishment. And we'll continue to build on that going forward.
The Minister of Defense and I both mentioned our trilateral defense ministers meeting that we just conducted, a very, very good meeting. It's things like that that will enable us to continue to build our relationships and work closer and closer together.
I have to commend the leadership of our three countries for the great example that faced that for other – for, for everyone to follow in terms of meeting and -- and agreeing to work together on pretty significant issues.
Your second question, I think, Ryo, was regarding our opportunity to have mil-to-mil engagements with the Chinese going forward. I don't have anything to announce today and I won't speculate on any outcomes of President Biden's meeting with President Xi, but you've heard me talk about how important this is before. I think, you know, for our countries, we -- we -- we have to make sure that senior military leaders and defense leaders are talking so that we don't allow a competitive relationship to turn and to develop into crisis, and that we can communicate on things that -- that are concerning whenever required. But these -- these talks these needs to -- need -- need to be substantiative. And -- and so we're looking to engage with -- with the PRC mil-to-mil at some point in the future. You've heard me say that a number of times, and -- and I'll continue to say that. I think it's really, really important to be able to -- to manage things and -- and -- and to be able to prevent crises from -- from spiraling out of control.
MIN. SHIN (THROUGH TRANSLATOR): And I would provide my answer, and I'd like to say that the Republic of Korea, although there are many conflicts occurring around the world, the Republic of Korea and the United States alliance is the strongest alliance in history, and also in the world. And I'd also like to note that if North Korea provokes war, then that will lead to the end of the Kim regime, and also lead to the -- the prosperity that -- of the (inaudible) democracy of the Republic of Korea. I'd also like to add that the combined service members are maintaining the right (inaudible) posture so they are maintaining the defensive posture.
Q (THROUGH TRANSLATOR): So the question was directed to Minister Shin. One of the characteristics of the Security Consultative Meeting this year is that ROK's defense industrial cooperation has been selected as one of the major agenda. And regarding this, I want to ask what type of conversations were held during the meeting, and also, how the two countries have reaffirmed efforts of both countries during the Security Consultative Meeting regarding the signing of RDP, or reciprocal defense procurement. And I would like to ask when do you predict the signing timing is around, and when do you think it would be? And also, I would like to know what type of defense indus- -- and what -- I would like to ask what -- how this signing strengthens the defense industry cooperation between the two countries and what type of advantage it will bring to the two countries, as well.
MIN. SHIN (THROUGH TRANSLATOR): During the meeting, Secretary Austin and I have agreed on signing(inaudible) supply arrangements and also RDP, and as we also agreed to carry our specific cooperations so that we can enhance defense industry cooperation between our two countries
We also agreed to set up a high-level consultation between the two countries in order to strengthen our cooperation in areas such as R&D. And as for the timing of our RDP signing, since we are moving to launch this since we have agreed to sign this agreement, we are going to continue to work together to create a roadmap going forward.
Q: I have questions for Secretary Austin. Regarding the incursion concepts and all the sustainability and steadfastness of the US commitment to (inaudible) deterrence. So first, is it realistic to maintain the current frequency of deployment of US strategic assets, especially on the ongoing (inaudible) in Ukraine and in the Middle East.
And similarly, there were public concerns in South Korea that US commitments to South Korea could be influenced by the outcome of a U.S. presidential election. So, what assurance can the U.S. provide that the current level of extended deterrence commitments, including the frequency and intensity of deployments, US Treasury assets, will continue regardless of U.S. election outcome?
And have any steps been taken to institutionalize the current implementation of extra (inaudible) to insure its long-term vigilance? to political changes in both countries? If not, do the allies have any plans to do so?
STAFF: (UNTRANSLATED)
SEC. AUSTIN: Thank you.
So, for the first part of your question, is it realistic to maintain the current tempo and turning those strategic assets to (inaudible) strategic assets to the region. The answer is yes.
United States has the most powerful military in the world. And having said that, I will also say that everywhere we are, everything that we do we work with allies and partners, that magnifies our strength. And we'll continue to stand with our allies and partners in the face of aggression, and we can walk and chew gum at the same time.
You know, in the Washington Declaration, our presidents agreed to increase the deployment of strategic assets to the region, and we've lived up to that. You've -- you've seen -- we've talked about already the -- the deployment of a ballistic missile submarine, a B-52. There's been a carrier battle group that's -- that's been -- that's visited the peninsula here in the not too distant past and there'll be another carrier battle group that comes soon. So yes, we will continue to do the things that we have promised to do.
I'd also say, in the past 12 months, we've transformed our posture in the region. And so we are more forward deployed and -- and more capable to respond to anything that could -- could -- could happen.
And in addition to that, we have the most strategy-driven budget in the department's history. Our budget is directly linked to our strategy. And as -- as you -- as you would hope that it would be but I can tell you that we have gone through great pains to make sure that that is in fact the case.
And so we're going to continue to make sure that this region has what it needs to do what we and our partners and allies want to do, and that is to maintain a free and open Indo-Pacific region.
And in terms of whether or not the -- the next administration will continue to do what we have done, I am absolutely certain that President Biden will continue to do what he's done to date.
STAFF: Final question from Bloomberg?
Q: Thanks very much. Peter from Bloomberg News. Two questions for Secretary Austin. First, Fox is reporting that six to seven Iranian proxy fighters were killed by a U.S. airstrike in eastern Syria. How concerned are you that Iran might use this as a pretext to escalate the war? And then second, what's your assessment for the current threat level of Hezbollah along Israel's northern border?
And then for Minister Shin, did the U.S. and South Korea's help in providing weapons or munitions to Ukraine during the meetings?
Thank you.
STAFF: Could -- could you repeat the first question possibly?
Q: Oh. Can I -- yes, can I take the -- yes, the first question was that Fox News is reporting that six to seven Iranian proxy fighters were killed by a U.S. airstrike in eastern Syria overnight. So how concerned is Secretary Austin that Iran might use this as a pretext to escalate the war?
STAFF: And the second question on Hezbollah?
Q: Yeah, the second question to Secretary Austin was what is your assessment of the current threat level from Hezbollah along Israel's northern border?
SEC. AUSTIN: Thanks, Peter. On the first question, in terms of the strikes, you know, we -- last night, our U.S. forces conducted precision strikes in eastern Syria against two facilities that are used by Iran's IRGC and affiliated groups.
I just want to remind you that these strikes are intended to disrupt and degrade the freedom of action and capabilities of these groups, which are directly responsible for attacks on U.S. forces in Iraq and Syria.
And Peter, as you know, we see a number of attacks against our forces here in -- in recent past. And we have said and we will continue to say that we will take all necessary measures to protect our troops. The safety of our troops and our civilians are of utmost importance to the President of the United States and to me. And so we will do what's necessary to protect our troops.
I'd further say, Peter, that these attacks must stop, and if they don't stop, then we won't hesitate to do what's necessary, again, to -- to protect our troops.
Regarding the threat levels from Hezbollah in the north, what we've seen throughout this conflict, throughout this crisis is tit-for-tat exchanges between Lebanese Hezbollah and Israeli forces in the north. So your question as to whether or not they are a threat, they have been a threat and remain a threat, and it's a threat that is not taken lightly by the Israeli Defense Forces. And -- and so this is something that the Israelis, you know, I predict will remain focused on for the foreseeable future.
But again, in terms of the activity that we've seen up there, it's been tit-for-tat exchanges and hard to predict, you know, what -- what -- what will happen going forward, and certainly, no one wants to see another conflict break out in the north on -- on Israel's northern border there in earnest.
MIN. SHIN (THROUGH TRANSLATOR): And a separate answer to the second question, the Republic of Korea government has provided support to Ukraine, including humanitarian aid, and the United States has expressed their gratitude to the Republic of Korea for such an aid provided. And going forward as well, the United States also asked for additional support from the Republic of Korea to Ukraine, and to which I responded that we will -- the Republic of Korea will provide to Ukraine continuously.
defense.gov
2. U.N. Command member states vow united response if S. Korea attacked
This is quite a (positive) change for the ROK in its view of the UN Command. And we absolutely need a robust ROK presence on the UN Command staff and in leadership positions.
It is a good thing that we have maintained UN Security Council Resolutions 82-85 since 1950 as they remain relevant and useful today.
Excerpts:
"The UNC member states declared that they will be united upon any renewal of hostilities or armed attack on the Korean Peninsula challenging the principles of the U.N. and the security of the Republic of Korea," it said.
As a host nation, South Korea agreed to step up cooperation with the UNC member states and share combined training and exercises between Seoul and Washington to deal with security challenges, according to the statement.
The meeting comes as South Korea is seeking to deepen ties with the UNC under a vision to play a bigger role on the global stage by expanding networks and cooperation with like-minded nations.
During the inaugural meeting held in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the armistice, President Yoon Suk Yeol praised the multinational command's contribution to overseeing the armistice and promoting peace and stability on the peninsula.
"In the face of North Korea's nuclear and missile threats and continued provocations, I believe today's meeting will become a starting point for bolstering the cooperation and solidarity of partnering nations that share common values and will serve as a milestone towards the future," Yoon said in a message delivered by Deputy Minister for Defense Policy Heo Tae-keun.
As part of efforts to bolster the UNC's role, South Korea proposed dispatching officers to the command's staff and expanding the unit's member states during the meeting, a senior defense official told reporters on condition of anonymity.
...
Some 1.98 million personnel from 22 countries were dispatched to help South Korea during the war, which ended in a cease-fire, not a peace treaty. More than 40,000 of them died, with 3,950 others missing, according to veterans ministry data.
The current UNC member states are the United States, Britain, Canada, Turkey, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, the Netherlands, Colombia, Greece, New Zealand, Belgium, France, South Africa, Norway, Denmark and Italy.
(2nd LD) U.N. Command member states vow united response if S. Korea attacked | Yonhap News Agency
en.yna.co.kr · by Chae Yun-hwan · November 14, 2023
(ATTN: UPDATES with more details in paras 11-13)
By Kim Eun-jung and Chae Yun-hwan
SEOUL, Nov. 14 (Yonhap) -- South Korea and the United Nations Command (UNC) member states adopted a joint statement Tuesday condemning North Korea's "unlawful" nuclear and missile program and vowed a united response in the case of Pyongyang's aggression.
South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik and his U.S. counterpart, Lloyd Austin, as well as senior defense officials and representatives from 16 other UNC member states, gathered for their first meeting at the defense ministry to evaluate its role and explore ways to deepen their security cooperation.
The U.S.-led multinational command was established in July 1950 under a U.N. mandate to support South Korea against North Korea's aggression and has been overseeing the armistice that halted the 1950-53 Korean War.
"They strongly condemned the DPRK's unlawful nuclear and ballistic missile programs, which violate multiple United Nations Security Council resolutions," a joint statement said, referring to North Korea's official name, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin (L) and South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik (R) attend the inaugural defense ministerial meeting of South Korea and the United Nations Command member states at Seoul's defense ministry on Nov. 14, 2023. (Pool photo) (Yonhap)
The participants urged North Korea to "cease any unlawful behavior" and abide by its U.N. Security Council resolutions, and pledged to unite in the event of contingencies on the peninsula.
"The UNC member states declared that they will be united upon any renewal of hostilities or armed attack on the Korean Peninsula challenging the principles of the U.N. and the security of the Republic of Korea," it said.
As a host nation, South Korea agreed to step up cooperation with the UNC member states and share combined training and exercises between Seoul and Washington to deal with security challenges, according to the statement.
The meeting comes as South Korea is seeking to deepen ties with the UNC under a vision to play a bigger role on the global stage by expanding networks and cooperation with like-minded nations.
During the inaugural meeting held in commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the armistice, President Yoon Suk Yeol praised the multinational command's contribution to overseeing the armistice and promoting peace and stability on the peninsula.
"In the face of North Korea's nuclear and missile threats and continued provocations, I believe today's meeting will become a starting point for bolstering the cooperation and solidarity of partnering nations that share common values and will serve as a milestone towards the future," Yoon said in a message delivered by Deputy Minister for Defense Policy Heo Tae-keun.
As part of efforts to bolster the UNC's role, South Korea proposed dispatching officers to the command's staff and expanding the unit's member states during the meeting, a senior defense official told reporters on condition of anonymity.
"We are holding consultations for positions to ensure the South Korean military can play a leading role rather than simply participating (in the UNC)," the official said. "We are considering sending general-grade officers if possible."
The official said the UNC may possibly expand by considering countries that share values and other factors, such as their commitment to the spirit of the armistice, although they would also need to undergo talks with the UNC and the South Korean government for their membership.
Defense ministers and representatives of South Korea, the United States and the United Nations Command member states attend the first S. Korea-UNC defense ministerial meeting held at Seoul's defense ministry on Nov. 14, 2023. (Pool photo) (Yonhap)
On Monday, North Korea renewed its calls for dissolving the UNC and condemned the meeting between South Korea and the UNC member states as a "dangerous" scheme to spark a "new war of aggression" against Pyongyang.
Some 1.98 million personnel from 22 countries were dispatched to help South Korea during the war, which ended in a cease-fire, not a peace treaty. More than 40,000 of them died, with 3,950 others missing, according to veterans ministry data.
The current UNC member states are the United States, Britain, Canada, Turkey, Australia, the Philippines, Thailand, the Netherlands, Colombia, Greece, New Zealand, Belgium, France, South Africa, Norway, Denmark and Italy.
ejkim@yna.co.kr
(END)
en.yna.co.kr · by Chae Yun-hwan · November 14, 2023
3. S. Korea resumes task force after 11-yr hiatus on its citizens held in N. Korea
Excellent. Human rights upfront. We need to take a holistic and international approach to human rights In addition to the ROK issues outlined below (and we need to include the children of the ROK POWs from the Korean War) we must include Japanese abductees and the 93,000 Korean-Japanese returnees who were duped into returning to the north in the 1960s. And we of course must address the human rights issues of the Korean people living in the north to include all the gulags/prisons, political prisons and re-education camps as well as brutal laws and punishments (3 generations and torture and public executions among others).
These issues cannot be ignored. If you want denuclearization these issues must be addressed (the regime not only denies human rights to remain in power but uses its internal slave labor - e.g., political prisoners to mine uranium and support nuclear weapons development). If you want engagement, people to people contact, economic development, and investment in north Korea these issues must be addressed.
Excerpts:
The task force meeting -- the first since June 2012 -- also involved officials from the foreign, defense and justice ministries, as well as the police and the National Intelligence Service, South Korea's spy agency.
"The North Korean regime continues to deny the presence of abductees, detainees and prisoners of war, and remains unresponsive to our requests to verify their status and repatriate them," Kang Jong-suk, the official in charge of human rights and humanitarian affairs at the unification ministry, said in opening remarks.
Kang admitted the government's action to protect its own citizens and console the families of those detained in the North had been "insufficient," vowing to step up measures going forward despite stalled inter-Korean relations.
S. Korea resumes task force after 11-yr hiatus on its citizens held in N. Korea | Yonhap News Agency
en.yna.co.kr · by Lee Minji · November 14, 2023
By Lee Minji
SEOUL, Nov. 14 (Yonhap) -- South Korea held a meeting of its task force on the issue of South Korean abductees in North Korea for the first time in 11 years, the unification ministry in charge of relations with Pyongyang said Tuesday.
The move came as conservative South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol has emphasized the need to make the international community aware of North Korea's human rights abuses.
The task force is designed to work to address the issue of South Korean detainees, abductees and prisoners of war in North Korea, a pressing humanitarian issue that was also underscored during the trilateral summit at Camp David among Yoon and his U.S. and Japanese counterparts, Joe Biden and Fumio Kishida, in August.
Kang Jong-suk, the official in charge of human rights and humanitarian affairs at the unification ministry, makes opening remarks at a meeting of a government consultative body on North Korean abductees at the government complex in Seoul on Nov. 14, 2023. (Yonhap)
The task force meeting -- the first since June 2012 -- also involved officials from the foreign, defense and justice ministries, as well as the police and the National Intelligence Service, South Korea's spy agency.
"The North Korean regime continues to deny the presence of abductees, detainees and prisoners of war, and remains unresponsive to our requests to verify their status and repatriate them," Kang Jong-suk, the official in charge of human rights and humanitarian affairs at the unification ministry, said in opening remarks.
Kang admitted the government's action to protect its own citizens and console the families of those detained in the North had been "insufficient," vowing to step up measures going forward despite stalled inter-Korean relations.
As part of efforts, the task force plans to expand cooperation with civic groups and religious organizations, and increase support for families of those detained in the North, while working together with relevant organizations in foreign governments for the repatriation of the detainees.
The government also plans to strongly urge Pyongyang to verify the status of South Koreans held in North Korea, and to call for their repatriation, according to the unification ministry.
Of an estimated 3,835 South Koreans who were kidnapped by North Korea after the 1950-53 Korean War, 3,310 people were sent back home and nine escaped the repressive regime, with the other 516 South Koreans having yet to return home, according to government data.
Six South Koreans, including pastor Kim Jung-wook, have been held in North Korea for years, with four of them having family members in South Korea. Their fate remains unknown, as the reclusive regime has yet to provide any information on their well-being.
mlee@yna.co.kr
(END)
en.yna.co.kr · by Lee Minji · November 14, 2023
4. Austin expresses concerns over growing military ties between N. Korea, Russia
If you really study and examine the activities from north Korea it is amazing how connected the regime is around the world to all the threats - from proliferation of weapons, training, and advice to conflict zones in the Middle East and Africa (to include technical assistance on tunnels in the Middle East) to global cyber warfare that affects military, infrastructure, economic, and civilian targets, to supporting Russia in Putin's War in Ukraine, to drug trafficking, to counterfeiting money, medicine, and cigarettes, to money laundering and to subversion of the ROK government and society and the ROK. US alliance among others.
In the dictionary entry for a malign actor, Kim Jong Un's photo comes first.
Austin expresses concerns over growing military ties between N. Korea, Russia | Yonhap News Agency
en.yna.co.kr · by Kim Eun-jung · November 14, 2023
By Kim Eun-jung and Chae Yun-hwan
SEOUL, Nov. 14 (Yonhap) -- U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin on Tuesday expressed concerns over North Korea's growing nuclear and cyber threats, and its expanding military cooperation with Russia for its war in Ukraine.
The Pentagon chief used his speech to the defense ministerial meeting with the United Nations Command (UNC) and South Korea during his Seoul visit to address growing North Korean threats and call for closer cooperation among the UNC member states.
Austin said North Korea is supplying "lethal aid" to Russia to fuel its war in Ukraine, while Russia is providing more support in "wide-ranging illicit activities."
"We are also troubled by the recent growth in military cooperation between Russia and DPRK," Austin said, referring to North Korea's official name, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
The remark comes as the North is believed to be in the final stage of preparations to make a third attempt to launch a military spy satellite after two failures earlier this year. Seoul officials said Russia's technological assistance could help the North succeed in the upcoming launch.
U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin (3rd from R, front row), South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik (3rd from L, front row) and other participants applaud at the defense ministerial meeting of South Korean and the United Nations Command member states held at Seoul's defense ministry on Nov. 14, 2023. (Pool photo) (Yonhap)
The U.S. official criticized China and Russia, two permanent members of the U.N. Security Council with veto power, for helping Pyongyang by refusing to hold it accountable for recent provocations.
"We are deeply concerned that the PRC and Russia are helping the DPRK to expand its capabilities by enabling it to evade sanctions from the U.N. Security Council," Austin said, referring to China's official name, People's Republic of China.
In this vein, Austin praised the UNC's role in promoting peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula over the past 70 years and called for closer cooperation among member states to help deter North Korea's provocations.
"Today we have come together to shore up security for the next 70 years and our shared commitment for the defense of the Republic of Korea, and the peace and stability on this peninsula will remain vital," he said.
During the inaugural meeting, Defense Minister Shin Won-sik shared Austin's concerns and issued warnings against Pyongyang.
"I warn North Korea. Now as a U.N. member, engaging in illegal aggression against the UNC will be a self-contradiction," Shin said in a remark.
If North Korea makes a provocation, Shin said its regime will face "strong retaliation" from the international community with the UNC member states at the center.
"If countries that assisted North Korea during the Korean War decide to support it again, they will face consequences similar to those of North Korea," Shin said, apparently referring to China and Russia.
"This meeting will serve as a powerful warning to countries or groups attempting to reject the international order based on rules and seeking to change the status quo through force," he added.
The UNC was established in July 1950 under a U.N. mandate to support South Korea against North Korea's aggression and has been overseeing the armistice that halted the 1950-53 Korean War.
On Monday, North Korea renewed its calls for dissolving the UNC, denouncing the meeting between South Korea and the UNC member states as a "dangerous" scheme to spark a "new war of aggression" against Pyongyang.
ejkim@yna.co.kr
(END)
en.yna.co.kr · by Kim Eun-jung · November 14, 2023
5. S. Korea considering partial suspension of inter-Korean military agreement upon N. Korean satellite launch
As I have said, the ROK should use the CMA to its influence advantage. Suspend the parts that weaken ROK and ROK/US alliance readiness . Suspend the parts that the north is violating. But keep it in place so that it can be used to highlight the regime's continued failure to live up to its agreements.
(LEAD) S. Korea considering partial suspension of inter-Korean military agreement upon N. Korean satellite launch | Yonhap News Agency
en.yna.co.kr · by Kim Soo-yeon · November 14, 2023
(ATTN: UPDATES with more details in paras 6-7)
By Kim Eun-jung
SEOUL, Nov. 14 (Yonhap) -- South Korea is considering partially suspending a 2018 inter-Korean military agreement as a precautionary measure against North Korean provocations in case it makes a third attempt to launch a spy satellite, sources said Tuesday.
The Comprehensive Military Agreement (CMA) calls for setting up buffer zones and no-fly zones near the inter-Korean border to ban artillery firing, naval drills and surveillance activities to prevent clashes between the two Koreas.
"The government has been considering suspending some provisions of the inter-Korean military agreement as a precautionary measure against North Korean provocations," a senior government official said on condition of anonymity, citing ongoing discussions.
One of the measures currently under discussion involves the possibility of resuming surveillance activities near border areas in the event that North Korea launches a military spy satellite, according to the official.
The agreement prohibits flights of unmanned aerial vehicles within 10 kilometers of the western region and 15 km of the eastern region from the Military Demarcation Line (MDL).
South Korea's unification ministry said the CMA has an element that could seriously limit the military's defense posture against North Korea, such as its aerial reconnaissance capabilities and conducting of military training.
"The government will comprehensively consider necessary measures while keeping close tabs on North Korea's behavior," a ministry official told reporters on condition of anonymity.
The latest move comes as North Korea is believed to be in the final stage of its preparations to try to put its first spy satellite into orbit following two failed attempts in May and August, respectively.
Defense Minister Shin Won-sik has repeatedly called for suspending the pact since taking office last month, citing its limits on surveillance capabilities. He explained Seoul's stance during his meeting with U.S. Secretary of State Lloyd Austin on Monday.
During a joint press conference, Austin said that he and Shin exchanged views on the issue and "agreed to stay in close consultations going forward."
South Korea has condemned Pyongyang's satellite launch as a provocation and violation of U.N. Security Council sanctions resolutions banning its use of ballistic missile technology.
South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik (L) and U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin pose for a photo during the 55th Security Consultative Meeting at the defense ministry in Seoul on Nov. 13, 2023, in this photo provided by the ministry. (PHOTO NOT FOR SALE) (Yonhap)
ejkim@yna.co.kr
(END)
en.yna.co.kr · by Kim Soo-yeon · November 14, 2023
6. Defense chief offers support for signing of Australia's armored vehicle acquisition deal
South Korea as a partner in the Arsenal of Democracy.
(LEAD) Defense chief offers support for signing of Australia's armored vehicle acquisition deal | Yonhap News Agency
en.yna.co.kr · by Chae Yun-hwan · November 14, 2023
(ATTN: CHANGES headline, lead, photo; UPDATES throughout with details of talks)
By Chae Yun-hwan
SEOUL, Nov. 14 (Yonhap) -- Defense Minister Shin Won-sik on Tuesday offered support for the signing of a finalized deal between Australia and South Korean defense company Hanwha Aerospace in Canberra's acquisition project for advanced armored vehicles, Seoul's defense ministry said.
In July, Australia selected the company with its Redback armored vehicle as the preferred bidder for the project to acquire 129 next-generation infantry fighting vehicles by 2028.
Shin said his ministry will provide necessary support to ensure the deal takes place smoothly during talks with Australia's Defense Industry Minister Pat Conroy in Seoul, according to the ministry.
In response, Conroy vowed to make efforts to sign the contract at an early date, it said.
The talks took place on the margins of the inaugural defense ministerial meeting between South Korea and the U.N. Command member states on Tuesday.
Earlier in the day, Conroy said he plans to visit Hanwha Aerospace during his visit to the country.
"They have been down selected as the preferred tenderer for the largest Army acquisition (project) in the history of our country, so it's very exciting days," Conroy said.
This file photo, taken March 2, 2023, shows Hanwha Aerospace's Redback armored vehicle on display at a defense exhibition at Avalon Airport in Australia. In July, the company was chosen as the preferred bidder with its Redback armored vehicle for Australia's acquisition project to purchase next-generation infantry fighting vehicles. (Yonhap)
yunhwanchae@yna.co.kr
(END)
en.yna.co.kr · by Chae Yun-hwan · November 14, 2023
7. Vice defense chiefs of S. Korea, Philippines agree to closely cooperate in defense industry
I know I am a broken record but I do not think it can be emphasized enough: A Partner in the Arsenal of Democracy. This is a good thing, for the ROK and like minded democracies and allies.
Vice defense chiefs of S. Korea, Philippines agree to closely cooperate in defense industry | Yonhap News Agency
en.yna.co.kr · by Chae Yun-hwan · November 14, 2023
SEOUL, Nov. 14 (Yonhap) -- The vice defense chiefs of South Korea and the Philippines agreed Tuesday to "closely" work together in the defense industry sector, Seoul's defense ministry said, amid Manila's push to modernize its military.
Vice Defense Minister Kim Seon-ho and his Philippine counterpart, Angelito M. De Leo, held the talks on the margins of the inaugural defense ministerial meeting between South Korea and the U.N. Command member states in Seoul.
"The two vice ministers agreed to closely cooperate in the defense industry sector, including the third phase of the Philippine military's modernization project," the ministry said in a release.
Under the modernization efforts, Manila is known to be seeking to acquire advanced military equipment, which may possibly include submarines.
The South Korean Navy operates diesel-electric submarines manufactured by local shipbuilders HD Hyundai Heavy Industries and Hanwha Ocean.
South Korea has previously exported military hardware to the Philippines. In 2014, Manila signed a deal to purchase 12 FA-50 light attack aircraft from Korea Aerospace Industries Ltd.
During the talks, the two sides also agreed to develop defense cooperation based on their countries' push to elevate their ties to a "strategic partnership" next year when they mark the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations, the ministry said.
South Korean Vice Defense Minister Kim Seon-ho (L) and his Philippine counterpart, Angelito M. De Leo, shake hands as they meet for talks at the defense ministry headquarters in central Seoul on Nov. 14, 2023, in this photo provided by the South Korean defense ministry. (PHOTO NOT FOR SALE) (Yonhap)
yunhwanchae@yna.co.kr
(END)
en.yna.co.kr · by Chae Yun-hwan · November 14, 2023
8. S. Korea, China hold inaugural public-private economic exchange meeting
S. Korea, China hold inaugural public-private economic exchange meeting | Yonhap News Agency
en.yna.co.kr · by Oh Seok-min · November 14, 2023
SEOUL, Nov. 14 (Yonhap) -- The finance ministries of South Korea and China held an inaugural meeting on bilateral economic exchanges Tuesday to discuss ways to boost cooperation on various industrial and economic issues involving major private companies, officials said.
The inaugural South Korea-China economic cooperation and exchange meeting was held in the Chinese city of Changchun earlier in the day, organized jointly by South Korea's finance ministry and China's National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC).
The meeting was held after the two nations' top economic policy makers agreed to launch one during last year's ministerial-level meeting to enhance bilateral economic ties.
Tuesday's event brought together hundreds of officials from their respective governments, economic institutions and companies, including South Korea's top carmaker Hyundai Motor Co., major battery company LG Chem Ltd. and China's Alibaba Group, according to the Ministry of Economy and Finance.
During the meeting, they shared their investment circumstances and supportive measures for foreign companies, and explored business opportunities.
"We will hold the meeting on an annual basis to help South Korean firms better communicate with the Chinese government and address their difficulties in running a business in China," a ministry official said.
On the sidelines of the meeting, director-level officials from the ministry and the NDRC agreed to hold a new ministerial meeting at an early date, the finance ministry said.
This file photo taken Aug. 27, 2022, shows South Korea's Finance Minister Choo Kyung-ho (C) speaking during the 17th South Korea-China economic ministers' meeting held via teleconferencing. (Yonhap)
graceoh@yna.co.kr
(END)
en.yna.co.kr · by Oh Seok-min · November 14, 2023
9. N Korea slams G7, signals nuclear program to continue
Admit nothing, deny everything, and make counter accusations. The regime is masterful at making counter accusations and blaming everyone else for everything.
N Korea slams G7, signals nuclear program to continue
The group ‘exacerbated the current international crisis,’ says the North’s foreign ministry official.
By Lee Jeong-Ho for RFA
2023.11.13
Seoul, South Korea
rfa.org
North Korea lambasted the G7 for denouncing its nuclear weapons development, in a sign that demonstrates not only its intent to persist with the nuke program, but also preparation for impending military provocations.
“The G7, a relic of the Cold War, should be immediately disbanded as the first step towards resolving current international crises and restoring world peace,” Jo Chol Su, director-general of the Department of International Organizations at North Korea’s Foreign Ministry, said via the official Korean Central News Agency Tuesday.
Jo called the G7 a mere “interest group of a few countries” that “exacerbated the current international crisis, speaks nonsense towards sovereign nations, which is a mockery and insult to the international community striving for fairness and equity.”
The emotionally-charged statement came after the G7 foreign ministers strongly condemned Pyongyang’s illegal nuclear program in a joint statement last week. The ministers, gathered in Tokyo, also denounced North Korea’s ammunition supply to Russia, stating that it clearly violates United Nations Security Council resolutions.
South Korea’s National Intelligence Service told its lawmakers in the National Assembly earlier this month that Russia has acquired over 1 million artillery shells from North Korea since August.
The development demonstrates the strengthening relationship between Pyongyang and Moscow, underscored by the summit between North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Russia September.
The G7’s joint statement was “unfounded and unfair criticism” Jo said, hinting that Pyongyang will continue to advance its nuclear program. The Foreign Ministry official also berated the United States for “pushing the situation towards nuclear war brink by implementing various nuclear confrontation policies in the Korean Peninsula.”
North Korea perceives the strategic assets of the U.S. as a direct threat to its regime’s security. The defense ministers of the U.S. and South Korea agreed on Monday to enhance their alliance’s operational capabilities, including the use of strategic assets, to maintain regional peace – a move likely to prompt objections from Pyongyang.
Following the ministers’ pledge for enhanced operational capability, the U.S. and South Korean navies are carrying out a four-day joint exercise off the eastern coast of the peninsula, the South Korean navy said on Tuesday. The joint drill, which started from Monday, aims to establish military readiness against maritime provocations, and to improve joint operation capabilities as well as mutual interoperability.
Pyongyang’s latest decry could serve as a pretext for the expected and upcoming military provocation, in the form of what it claims to be a ‘satellite’ launch in the near future. Historically, North Korea has often built up pretexts for its major military actions, portraying them as defensive responses to the West’s ‘hostility.’
Such a launch would contravene U.N. Security Council resolutions prohibiting North Korea from using ballistic missile technology for any launches. North Korea’s past satellite launches have contributed to advancements in its long-range missile capabilities.
Recent tests of North Korean long-range missiles have shown the theoretical capacity to reach the U.S. mainland.
Edited by Elaine Chan and Taejun Kang.
rfa.org
10. ROK, US to leverage top three U.S. nuclear forces to counter N. Korea’s nuclear weapons
ROK, US to leverage top three U.S. nuclear forces to counter N. Korea’s nuclear weapons
donga.com
Posted November. 14, 2023 08:28,
Updated November. 14, 2023 08:28
ROK, US to leverage top three U.S. nuclear forces to counter N. Korea’s nuclear weapons. November. 14, 2023 08:28. by Hyo-Ju Son hjson@donga.com.
The Tailored Deterrence Strategy (TDS), established collaboratively by South Korea and the United States to address North Korea's nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction (WMD), has undergone its first revision in a decade. According to reports, the updated North Korean nuclear deterrence strategy incorporates detailed plans for leveraging the extended deterrence (nuclear umbrella) provided by the U.S. military's three principal nuclear forces, comprising intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), strategic bombers, and nuclear-powered strategic submarines. “It includes new measures, such as guidelines for the joint planning and implementation of the deployment of extended deterrence forces by South Korea and the United States,” a senior official from the Ministry of National Defense stated.
Minister of National Defense Shin Won-sik and U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin convened the ROK-US Security Consultative Meeting (SCM) at the Ministry of National Defense in Seoul on Monday, during which they signed the TDS amendment. In a joint SCM statement, South Korea and the United States announced, “The revised '2023 TDS' incorporates guidelines for leveraging all categories of U.S. military capabilities, encompassing U.S. nuclear capabilities, in conjunction with South Korea’s conventional capabilities, to prepare for potential nuclear and WMD attacks by North Korea.”
The Tailored Deterrence Strategy (TDS), initiated in 2013, stands as the singular bilateral strategic document crafted by the United States in collaboration with its allies. Designated as a level 2 military secret, its contents have not been disclosed to the public. While the initial TDS encompassed comprehensive military response measures by South Korea and the United States, addressing situational scenarios like North Korea's nuclear threat, imminent use of nuclear weapons, and actual use of nuclear weapons, the revised TDS is reported to incorporate even more detailed response measures tailored to specific situational scenarios.
Apart from the joint statement, South Korea and the United States have additionally adopted and unveiled the “ROK-US Alliance Defense Vision” for the first time in four years since 2019. The document explicitly declares, "North Korea is our most fundamental and urgent threat."
한국어
donga.com
11. Korean battery makers cut U.S. jobs as EV demand declines
EVs: A passing fad?
Tuesday
November 14, 2023
dictionary + A - A
Published: 14 Nov. 2023, 18:03
Korean battery makers cut U.S. jobs as EV demand declines
https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2023-11-14/business/industry/Korean-battery-makers-cut-US-jobs-as-EV-demand-declines/1912836
LG Energy Solution's battery plant in Holland, Michigan [LG ENERGY SOLUTION]
Korean battery makers are laying off hundreds of workers from their U.S. plants as part of efforts to cut production amid faltering demand for electric vehicles (EVs).
LG Energy Solution will cut 170 workers from its plant in Holland, Michigan, as its client automakers scramble to cut EV production, the company said Tuesday.
Related Article
“The layoffs will occur in phases. Around 170 production team members will be laid off between December 2023 and January next year,” said a spokesperson for LG Energy Solution.
“The Michigan plant is transitioning and retooling some production lines from our current production facility to our second factory within our Holland site.”
The expansion project for the second facility in Michigan facility is well underway, LG Energy Solution added.
LG's Michigan plant has a total of 1,500 workers. It has 5 gigawatt-hours of production capacity and supplies batteries to global automakers including General Motors (GM).
SK On's battery plant in Georgia. [SK ON]
LG isn't the only manufacturer taking such actions. SK On plans to furlough many of the workers at its battery plant in Jackson County, Georgia, as part of production cuts, the company said Tuesday.
The duration of the furloughs and the number of impacted workers have not been disclosed — though SK On has emphasized that they are not layoffs.
“We have taken the decision as a part of our efforts to optimize line operations and workforce management with flexibility, as the EV industry is adjusting its pace of growth,” said an SK On spokesperson.
The plant, which was opened in 2022 in Commerce, Georgia, has 22 gigawatt-hours of annual production capacity. It currently employs around 3,000 workers and has supplied EV batteries to Ford and Volkswagen.
SK On-Ford's battery plant in Kentucky [SK ON]
SK On laid off an undisclosed number of employees from the same plant back in September. That round is likely to have impacted fewer than 500 employees, as U.S. law requires firms to make regulatory filings if they reduce their workforce by more than 500.
Samsung SDI, meanwhile, confirmed that “no layoff or furlough is planned for now” in their overseas plants.
EV sales are drastically slowing down. A total of 4.34 million EVs were sold in the first half of this year, according to data from market tracker MarkLines. That number represents an on-year gain of 41 percent, but fell far short of 2021's 115 percent skyrocket growth and 2022's 61.2 percent growth.
LG Energy Solution scrapped plans to build a joint EV battery plant with Ford and Koc Holding in Turkey earlier this week.
That factory was to have an annual production capacity of 45 gigawatt-hours — enough to produce 500,000 EVs per year. The construction was scheduled to start as early as the end of 2023, with production beginning in 2026.
Ultium Cells employees work at its battery manufacturing plant in Lordstown, Ohio. Ultium Cells is a 50:50 joint battery venture between LG Energy Solution and General Motors. [LG ENERGY SOLUTION]
LG Energy also delayed production at its joint battery plant in Tennessee by a few months as GM downsizes its EV production capacity.
The Tennessee plant in Spring Hill, which was set to be operational at the end of 2023, will now start operations in early 2024.
The Tennessee plant is Ultium Cells’ second plant in North America; the company also operates facilities in Ohio and Michigan. Ultium Cells — which was formed in 2019, is a 50:50 joint venture between LG Energy Solution and GM — previously vowed to invest a total of 8.4 trillion won ($6.35 billion) in the three plants.
GM withdrew its goal of producing 400,000 EVs by the first half of next year amid the waning demand. The automaker has also delayed the production of electric pickup trucks at its Michigan plant by one year.
SK On also pushed back the operation of its Kentucky plant — which is a joint venture with Ford — amid weakening EV sales.
The two are building a total of three factories in the United States — one in Tennessee and two in Kentucky. The second Kentucky plant was scheduled to begin operating in 2026, but that has also been delayed.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk also hinted at a possible delay to the construction of the company's Mexico plant and the mass production of its Cybertrucks. Tesla reported a 44 percent on-year drop in its net profit in the third quarter.
BY SARAH CHEA [chea.sarah@joongang.co.kr]
12. North Korea's never-paid-for Volvos still 'going strong' after nearly 50 years
Is this a positive advertisement for Volvo? Or is it an example of north Korean resilience? It certainly is an example of the nature of the Kim family regime and its "business practices." This is why no credible company can do business with olet alone invest in north Korea.
Tuesday
November 14, 2023
dictionary + A - A
Published: 14 Nov. 2023, 12:04
https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/2023-11-14/national/northKorea/North-Koreas-neverpaidfor-Volvos-still-going-strong-after-nearly-50-years/1912697
Swedish Embassy's X account in 2016. [SCREEN CAPTURE}
Sweden's national export credit agency said North Korea owes Sweden $267 million for the Volvo cars that were sold to North Korea in 1974.
Voice of America reported Monday that the Swedish National Export Credits Guarantee Board (EKN) estimated the outstanding debt on the 1,000 Volvo vehicles North Korea ordered nearly 50 years ago at 2.9 billion Swedish Krona ($267 million).
The initial purchase agreement was 600 million Krona.
The order was made after North Korea had formed a diplomatic relationship with the country in 1973.
However, North Korea has not paid for the Volvo 144 sedans that arrived in Pyongyang in 1975.
The EKN said Sweden is regularly contracting North Korea regarding the overdue payment.
In 2016, the Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang posted a photo of a Volvo spotted in Pyongyang on social media, saying that one of the never-paid-for Volvos in North Korea is "still going strong," adding, "Running as taxi in Chongjin w almost half million km on odo!"
History Vids' X in 2016. [SCREEN CAPTURE}
In February this year a Twitter account "History Vids" posted a video of a green Volvo 144 traveling down a road considered to be Pyongyang with a caption "The cars [Volvos] were shipped and delivered but North Korea just didn't bother paying and ignored the invoice."
In February, History Vids, an account on X, formerly Twitter, uploaded a video of a green Volvo 144 traveling down road in Pyongyang with a caption that read, "In the 1970s, North Korea ordered 1,000 Volvo cars from Sweden ... The cars were shipped and delivered but North Korea just didn't bother paying and ignored the invoice."
The post said North Korea pulled the "largest car theft in history."
BY LEE HO-JEONG [lee.hojeong@joongang.co.kr]
13. Taking stock of North Korea, Russia and China's northern triangle
The axis of authoritarians or the threesome of convenience.
Taking stock of North Korea, Russia and China's northern triangle
The Korea Times · November 14, 2023
By Ahn Ho-young
The leaders of South Korea, Japan and the United States met on Aug. 18 at Camp David, where they agreed on the substantial strengthening of their relations in security, the economy and technology, and declared the opening of “a new chapter” in the relations among the three countries.
The following month, the leaders of North Korea and Russia met at the Vostochny Cosmodrome in the Russian Far East, where it was suspected that North Korea and Russia agreed on the barter of North Korea’s conventional weapons for Russia’s high technology to support North Korea’s programs for weapons of mass destruction.
These two events are often cited as Exhibits A and B of mutually reinforcing confrontation between the Southern Triangle of South Korea, Japan and the United States and the Northern Triangle of North Korea, Russia and China. I recently had an opportunity to meet with a group of academics and former diplomats to discuss related issues. The following points appealed to me.
First, I found it interesting regarding the analysis of North Korea’s perceptions and approaches. It was in 2007 that North Korea began to blame the U.S. for starting a new cold war and suggested the need to strengthen relations between North Korea, Russia and China. That was the time when a large number of former communist countries were busy introducing reforms and openness, and transforming their countries. That was also the time when the U.S. made consistent efforts to improve relations with China and Russia.
North Korea made a rare exception by turning its back the global trends of reforms and openness, developing nuclear weapons and suffering from global sanctions. Thus, North Korea loathed the new international order, and longed for the return of the Cold War order. After almost 20 years, North Korea now seems to be relieved that international relations are turning to a resemblance of the Cold War.
Second, China was the biggest beneficiary of the end of the Cold War and the subsequent globalization. China’s GDP stood at $1.4 trillion in 2001 when China joined the WTO with the U.S.' blessing. In 2022, it went up to $18 trillion.
In making that impressive transformation, China depended hugely on the exchange of goods, finance and technology with the market economies of the West. Thus, “de-linking” from China after all these years, is not a viable option for the West, neither for the former or its partners in the West.
For that reason, China has to play by the rules-based international order, at least to the extent necessary. This will work as an important inhibition for China to become fully committed to the Northern Triangle with North Korea and Russia, who reject the rules-based international order almost in its entirety. Some participants, however, held a view that such conjectures on China’s position could be our own wishful thinking.
Third, participants were of the view that South Korea better avoid the frame of the deepening confrontation between the Southern Triangle and the Northern Triangle. Such a frame will have a self-fulfilling impact and help North Korea and Russia’s efforts to pull China further into their orbit. Instead, South Korea must maintain its position that it is strengthening its cooperation with the U.S. and Japan, only because Korea’s core values are being increasingly challenged. South Korea does not seek to divide its neighbors into differing and opposing camps.
As a matter of fact, that is precisely the point made in Korea’s Indo-Pacific Strategy announced in December last year. With respect to China in particular, the strategy stated that Korea wishes to continue to develop relations with China on the basis of the rules-based international order, mutual respect and benefits.
There had been a long gap in the exchange of visits among high-level officials between Korea and China. It was somehow interpreted as arising from China’s unhappiness with the Yoon government’s posture to pursue principle-based relations with China. Such a view began to subside after President Yoon’s meetings with Prime Minister Li Qiang in Jakarta and soon in New Delhi last September on the occasion of ASEAN and G-20 meetings. Prime Minister Han also met with President Xi on the occasion of the Asian Games in Hangzhou.
Many participants found these developments timely and suggested that the momentum should be maintained. For example, a South Korea-Japan-China summit meeting has been long delayed. It is now Korea’s turn to host the meeting, a good opportunity to engage China. At the same time, China has long dangled the idea of Xi making a return visit to Korea, which Korea hopes will happen in the not-too-distant future. Through such meetings and visits, China could show to the world that it can be a constructive actor to address a large number of challenging issues we face globally as well as regionally in Northeast Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East.
Ahn Ho-young is chair professor of North Korean Studies, Kyungnam University. He served as Korean ambassador to the U.S. and vice foreign minister.
The Korea Times · November 14, 2023
14. Korea's defense industry rises
Sigh... yes I have to mention it again: Korea as a partner in the Arsenal of Democracy.
Korea's defense industry rises
The Korea Times · November 14, 2023
By Peter S. Kim
Since the outbreak of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, geopolitical risks have risen markedly around the world. The latest conflict between Israel and Palestine is another confirmation of the conflicts spreading to far corners of the world. With deglobalization being taken apart by the rising populism and nationalistic wave, countries are seeing the reversal of the “peace dividend” many took for granted. When the U.S. banned Huawei’s 5G equipment in 2019, it was the first early example of businesses impacted by rising geopolitical risk. A combination of authoritarian regimes and an increasingly unipolar world leads to rising defense spending by many countries.
For defense contracts, nations with clearly defined political allegiance will naturally veer toward their allies. But it can be a double-edged sword for countries with politically neutral positions. Last month, South Korean President Yoon called for the defense industry to be a growing export sector, calling for Korea to become one of the top four weapons producers in the world. The declaration is prompted by Korea’s recent mammoth contract win from Poland, and hopes are that it is the first of many to follow. Korean companies hope to capture rising demand from many countries looking for alternatives to existing contractors. In 2022, South Korea’s arms exports are estimated to hit a record high of over 20 trillion won ($15 billion), notably with a major contract with Poland to supply K2 tanks, K-9 self-propelled howitzers, FA-50 light attack aircraft and Chunmoo multiple rocket launchers. The contract is worth almost 17 trillion won, the biggest win ever for Korea. As Poland is a NATO member and in the vicinity of the escalating geopolitical tensions, it is thought that it is just the beginning of sustained demand from the region.
Historically, South Korea depended on imports for its defense needs, in particular its principal ally, the U.S. But, with the U.S. defense contractors experiencing supply bottlenecks from supply chain issues and rising wages, Korean companies can gain market share with pricing advantages. Korean defense contractors also have the bonus of Korean weapons systems being designed for joint operations with the U.S., making them for smooth integration with those used by NATO allies.
Despite its alliance with the U.S., South Korean companies are seeking to balance between the U.S. and China to optimize their export potential. Korean companies are famous for their opportunistic and agile export strategies, and they have thus far shown their desire to remain neutral on political matters for their market positioning.
Besides the political alignment, the Korean defense industry follows the classic Korean export strategy of competitive pricing, typically at a 30 percent discount against the global leader. Korean exporters adopted the strategy successfully for many decades, where its advantages in labor cost coupled with government support allow for the pricing discount to international competition, especially the Japanese exporters. The currency advantage further helped "Korea Inc." apply cost advantage aggressively against Japanese products due to the yen strengthening during its “lost decades.” The ensuing volume growth of Korean products then allows for economies of scale, providing the foundation for sustained market share gains. Korea’s pricing strategy is most famously adopted by China, whose massive incursion into global trade is partially responsible for the current tensions with the U.S.
The second edge for Korean exporters established is the quick turnaround in orders where its industriousness and urgency to satisfy customer demand has helped garner a loyal following worldwide. The turnaround time is especially critical for industries with long waiting periods, such as shipbuilding and construction, explaining Korean companies’ historical success. We also saw such traits during the pandemic when Korean pharmaceutical companies were one of the first companies to provide COVID-19 testing kits.
Finally, some notable companies like Samsung Electronics and Hyundai Motor Company used the cash flow from the growth phase to narrow the quality gap with the industry leader, eventually establishing a spot as the best in its sector. For the two brands, transitioning from the volume growth stage to moving up the quality curve has been the critical step many other Korean brands struggle with. Unsurprisingly, the Korean government also emphasized the importance of aerospace and artificial intelligence technology, which could be crucial in future battlefields.
The addressable market for the defense industry is vast, with global exports dominated by the U.S. and European producers, with an estimated 90 percent of global supply. Therefore, the opportunity is there for "Korea Inc." to utilize its trademark strengths in competitive pricing, quick turnaround on orders and with the government’s backing. And if Korean companies continue to catch up on product quality relative to global peers, the secret formula for the next emerging Korean export industry could be in the making.
Peter S. Kim is the managing director of KB Financial Group.
The Korea Times · November 14, 2023
15. [Herald Interview] Inaugural meeting maps UNC 2.0 amid shifting security dynamics
Conspiracy theories persist in Korea (as they do in the US - just not the same ones). The fact is the ROK needs the UNC more than the US does and it is important that President Yoon. recognizes that.
Excerpts:
The UNC's history is characterized by twists and turns, at times sparking heated debates. Under the previous Moon Jae-in government, relations with it became strained, with the administration publicly accusing it of impeding inter-Korean cooperation projects.
There are claims that the United States aims to revitalize the UNC under its leadership, seeking to maintain the presence of the US military even after the transfer of wartime operational control, or OPCON, to South Korea.
The Yoon Suk Yeol government regards the meeting as imperative, particularly in light of escalating nuclear and missile threats from North Korea, according to Heo.
[Herald Interview] Inaugural meeting maps UNC 2.0 amid shifting security dynamics
koreaherald.com · by Ji Da-gyum · November 14, 2023
By Ji Da-gyum
Published : Nov. 14, 2023 - 15:50
South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik (fourth from left), US Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin (fourthfrom right), commander of the United Nations Command Paul LaCamera (far right) and Australian Minister for Defense Industry Pat Conroy (third from left) pose for a group photograph with other representatives at the inaugural defense ministerial meeting between South Korea and United Nations Command member states in Seoul on Tuesday. (Defense Ministry)
More than 70 years have passed since the United Nations Command was forged to assist South Korea in repelling North Korea's invasion in 1950.
The collective security establishment within the UN serves as the backbone of the security of the Korean Peninsula. But the time has come to discuss ways to renew its mission, which continues today amid rapidly changing security dynamics, according to the South Korean Defense Ministry, which hosted the inaugural defense ministerial meeting of UNC member states on Tuesday in Seoul.
"We aim to solicit perspectives on how, within the dynamic security environment, the UN Command can enhance its backing for the Republic of Korea," Heo Tae-keun, deputy minister for national defense policy at the Defense Ministry, said in an interview with The Korea Herald on Friday.
"We intend to delve into inventive strategies, assessing potential new initiatives, and identifying areas that require reinforcement, all geared towards amplifying the UN Command's support to South Korea in response to shifting security conditions," he said.
The UN Command was founded in July 1950, one month after North Korea's invasion, under UN Security Council Resolutions 82, 83 and 84. The situation marked the first-ever attempt at collective security within the UN system.
"The armistice agreement must be well-maintained to suppress war and manage crises. The UN Command has played its crisis management role successfully for 70 years," Heo said.
"As we convene for the first meeting, our initial focus would be on a comprehensive review of the UN Command's establishment, the pivotal roles it has played and an examination of any evolution or developments that have transpired since its inception to the present day," he said.
Heo Tae-keun, deputy minister for national defense policy at the Defense Ministry, delivers South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol's speech on his behalf at the inaugural defense ministerial meeting between South Korea and United Nations Command member states in Seoul on Tuesday. (Yonhap - Pool Photo)
In essence, the meeting served as the initial step in delving into the historical, current and future dimensions of the UNC, featuring the active participation of representatives from 17 member countries and South Korea as host country, in the run-up to the meeting.
The meeting aimed to underscore the indispensable role played by the UNC for seven decades since the signing of the 1953 armistice, which brought a cessation to the hostilities of the Korean War. The key missions of the UNC are to enforce the Armistice Agreement and provide military support and reinforcements in the event of war.
Another key goal was to reaffirm the commitment of UNC member states to providing military and other forms of support in case of a contingency on the Korean Peninsula by issuing a joint declaration. The commitment has not been reaffirmed since the 1953 Joint Policy Declaration that was signed in Washington.
"As 70 years have elapsed, the UN Command endures, witnessing shifts in the composition of its member states," Heo said. "The current member states of the UNC will collectively reaffirm the enduring validity of the commitments made to the Republic of Korea seven decades ago."
During the Korean War, 16 countries fought in the US-led UN Command with South Korea and six other countries that provided medical assistance. Of them, 17 have remained UNC member states.
The Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs hosted a ceremony to honor the sacrifices of South Korea, the United States, and United Nations Member States' veterans who fought for South Korean security during the Korean War. The event took place to commemorate the 73rd anniversary of the beginning of the Korean War at Jangchung Arena, Seoul on June 25, 2023. (United Nations Command)
The Yoon government also took the meeting as an opportunity to reaffirm its solidarity with the UN Command and its policy direction.
"The UN Command, playing a positive role that aligns with our national interest, should develop and strengthen itself to perform its roles even more faithfully. Our fundamental direction is not to denigrate or weaken its role but rather to enhance and fortify it," Heo said. "With the transition of governments, matters concerning the UN Command are undergoing turbulence and evolving into areas of contention. I find this development highly undesirable."
The UNC's history is characterized by twists and turns, at times sparking heated debates. Under the previous Moon Jae-in government, relations with it became strained, with the administration publicly accusing it of impeding inter-Korean cooperation projects.
There are claims that the United States aims to revitalize the UNC under its leadership, seeking to maintain the presence of the US military even after the transfer of wartime operational control, or OPCON, to South Korea.
The Yoon Suk Yeol government regards the meeting as imperative, particularly in light of escalating nuclear and missile threats from North Korea, according to Heo.
"The military and security situation on the Korean Peninsula should be assessed as it is. The reality is that it's not a post-war scenario but rather an ongoing armistice, with the potential for a resumption (of fighting) at any time. North Korea possesses both the intent and capability for such actions," he said.
"In such circumstances, the UN Command stands as a truly formidable mechanism capable of preventing such occurrences," he added.
South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik delivers his welcoming remarks during the inaugural defense ministerial meeting between South Korea and United Nations Command member states in Seoul on Tuesday. (Defense Ministry)
The meeting also provided an opportunity to address uncertainties among some UN Command member states regarding the South Korean government's commitment to serving as the host nation for the UNC and aligning with the latter's revitalization program.
In 2015, Gen. Curtis M. Scaparrotti, then-UNC commander, launched an endeavor to "revitalize" the UNC. As part of the UNC revitalization plan, there has been a notable expansion of its staff, not only from the US and other UNC member states but also in the appointment of additional senior officials exclusively dedicated to the UNC.
During the meeting, the Defense Ministry aimed to dispel uncertainties surrounding South Korea's position on the revitalization program, providing a clear endorsement of the initiative.
The Defense Ministry, for example, has engaged in discussions with the UNC regarding the deployment of South Korean military officials, including a general-level officer, to the UNC staff.
Heo explained that the meeting would serve as the platform to "demonstrate South Korea's commitment to making a more active contribution and to lay the foundations for achieving that goal."
Heo also underscored the existence of the UNC with the UN authority on the peninsula also plays a crucial role in garnering the international community's support for the policies of the South Korean government toward North Korea.
"Member countries have consistently recognized and condemned North Korea's nuclear and missile developments. Ultimately, this proactive stance goes beyond the condemnation by the 17 countries under the UN Command, garnering support from numerous countries worldwide," Heo said. "Looking ahead, there is a necessity to showcase their commitment even more robustly."
koreaherald.com · by Ji Da-gyum · November 14, 2023
16. "The best way to spot an idiot. Look for the person who is cruel."
And now for something completely different but worth reflecting upon.
I somehow missed this when it went viral this summer during graduation season. These are among the wisest words I have ever read or heard.
Read the transcript excerpt or watch the Governor's 2 minute excerpt on YouTube at the link below.
"The best way to spot an idiot. Look for the person who is cruel."
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXnlWeY5Gw4
From J.B. Pritzker, Governor of Illinois
"The best way to spot an idiot. Look for the person who is cruel.
Let me explain. When we see someone who doesn't look like us, or sound like us, or act like us, or love like us, or live like us, the first thought that crosses almost everyone's brain is rooted in either fear or judgment or both.
That's evolution. We survived as a species by being suspicious of things that we aren't familiar with.
In order to be kind, we have to shut down that animal instinct and force our brain to travel a different pathway. Empathy and compassion are evolved states of being. They require the mental capacity to step past our most primal urges.
This may be a surprising assessment because, somewhere along the way in the last few years, our society has come to believe that weaponized cruelty is part of some well thought-out master plan.
Cruelty is seen by some as in an adroit cudgel to gain power.
Empathy and kindness are considered weak.
Many important people look at the vulnerable only as rungs on a ladder to the top.
I'm here to tell you that when someone's path through this world is marked with acts of cruelty, they have failed the first test of an advanced society. They never forced their animal brain to evolve past its first instinct. They never forged new mental pathways to overcome their own instinctual fears. And so, their thinking and problem solving will lack the imagination and creativity that the kindest people have in spades.
Over my many years in politics and business, I have found one thing to be universally true: The kindest person in the room is often the smartest."
De Oppresso Liber,
David Maxwell
Vice President, Center for Asia Pacific Strategy
Senior Fellow, Global Peace Foundation
Editor, Small Wars Journal
Twitter: @davidmaxwell161
Phone: 202-573-8647
email: david.maxwell161@gmail.com
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