Hay Testing
When driving around the county, it's not an uncommon sight to see hay in the fields. While many know how to grow and bale hay, you may not be aware of the quality of its hay. To properly discover the quality of hay, you must conduct a forage test.
Why?
While hay may look "right" and that can be fine for some people, others want a more detailed description of what the product will provide for livestock. If this is the case, take a forage sample of your hay for analysis. You will receive a forage report that provides key information about what your hay will provide to livestock. If selling hay, knowing this may encourage potential buys to purchase and become repeat customers.
HOW?
The NCDA&CS North Carolina Farm Feed Testing Service will accept forage samples and analyze them for you. Best results are obtained if you use a hay core sampler, available at the North Carolina Cooperative Extension - Mitchell County Center. If this method is used, take cores from 10-15 bales and fill a gallon size bag with the pooled samples. If sampling from square bales, take the sample at the end; if sampling from round bales, take the sample from the side. Each "lot" of hay should be sampled with the "lot" being defined as hay from the same field and same cutting and stored under the same conditions.
COST?
This is a free service if you just want your forage analyzed for nitrates, aflatoxins or mycotoxins. A complete analysis-moisture, protein, fiber, minerals, etc.-will cost $10.
IS MY HAY GOOD or BAD?
In forage reports, nutrients are reported in an "as-fed" and a "dry matter" form. All interpretations should be based on the "dry matter basis" column since this allows you to balance and compare rations more easily. Ideal dry forages should have a moisture content of 18 - 22% to prevent the chance of hay fires and mold when storing. Interpretation of your analysis, and whether you can call your sample good or bad, really depends on what animals you are feeding. Animals that have lower maintenance requirements may be able to get away with being fed a lower protein or TDN hay; pregnant and lactating animals will have different and higher quality requirements. Also, species determine whether your hay will provide all necessary nutrients.
HOW DO I GET STARTED?
Contact Michelle South at the NC Cooperative Extension Center - Mitchell County Center at 828.688.4811 for assistance with hay sampling or interpretation of your analysis.
This article was originally written by Stefani Sykes and edited/ updated by Michelle south
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