Greetings!
I hope our last enewsletter of the year finds you well-recovered from hurricane season and wrapping up work needs to spend the holiday season with friends and family. From gathering ocean data, to tracking uncrewed systems, developing new data repositories for species conservation and even developing frameworks to support decision-making on important topics like our changing climate, the Gulf’s observing community certainly had a busy year. You can read the highlights in our 2024 Annual Report, available here.
At GCOOS, we just returned from our annual meeting of the Outreach and Education (O&E) Council, which works to empower regional user communities and residents to be knowledgeable about and effectively use GCOOS data, products and services when making decisions concerning their lives in and around the ocean and coastal waters, estuaries and watersheds of the Gulf of Mexico. The Council includes representatives from federal, state and tribal governments, academia, the private sector and those who have roles in formal and informal education. I wanted to offer a special thank you to the Tulane River and Coastal Center in New Orleans for hosting the meeting and to members of the Pointe-au-Chien Indian Tribe (PACIT) for joining us to discuss the development of a new water-level observatory we’re developing in partnership with them, Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON) and Louisiana State University (LSU). It’s a great example of GCOOS doing one of the things it does best: working with local communities gather data and develop accessible and reliable data products that will empower them with information they need as they live, work and play along the Gulf Coast.
In 2025, we will be celebrating achievements like this and others as we mark GCOOS’s 20th Anniversary. And we want members, partners and users to be a part of the celebration. If you have historical datasets, images, video and other resources from the Gulf of Mexico’s ocean observing community, please share them with us so we can highlight them throughout the year. And, if you were there in the early days we’d like to hear your story, too! To share your story or other materials, please email our Communications Lead, Nadine Slimak at Nadine@VettedCommunications.com.
As we close the books on 2024, I want to thank you for your partnership! Our work would not be possible without you, and I wish you all the best for a wonderful New Year!
Until 2025,
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In a changing climate, we know that the data gathered by the ocean-observing community will only grow in importance in the face of increasingly deadly and costly hazards, and that Gulf Coast communities will rely on GCOOS more than ever. Our efforts today to provide the backbone for ocean data and a network that expands to fill critical information gaps means strengthened communities, healthier ecosystems, a safer marine industry and a more robust blue economy. A special thanks go to all of our members, partners and data providers who help to make our network possible! Interested in our highlights for 2024? Read all about them in the GCOOS Annual Report, now posted to our website!
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GCOOS now has its own unique ROR identifier. ROR — which stands for Research Organization Registry (ROR) — provides persistent identifiers for research organizations that include a unique ID and additional metadata tied to each individual organization. The Registry is designed to facilitate discovery and disambiguation and was developed as a collaborative initiative by the California Digital Library, Crossref, and DataCite.
The idea behind ROR IDs is similar to that of our Social Security numbers — each person has their own unique number, which sets them apart even from another individual with the same name. In this case, ROR IDs are expressed as a URL that resolves to the organization’s unique record. GCOOS’s new ROR is https://ror.org/024q01f72.
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Outreach & Education Council Meeting |
GCOOS held its annual Outreach and Education Council (OEC) meeting earlier this month at the Tulane River and Coastal Center along the Mississippi River in New Orleans.
After being welcomed by Dr. Georgie Ferguson, Public Affairs and Communications Specialist for the Pointe-au-Chien Indian Tribe (PACIT), and Charlene Mauro, Founder and Director of the Navarre Beach Marine Science Station and Chair of the OEC Board, the team spent the meeting identifying implementation priorities.
Attendees discussed ways to increase Gulf-wide participatory science opportunities and developing an action plan for GCOOS Inflation Reduction Act-funded OE projects. The meeting also included a panel discussion about a new GCOOS project aimed at building water-level observing capacity in Lake Chien/Terrebonne Bay near traditional PACIT lands. Panelists included PACIT representatives Ferguson, Jade Bergeron and Cherie Matherne; NOAA Regional Collaboration Team Coordinator Kristen Laursen, Louisiana Sea Grant representatives Drs. Matt Bethel and Alyssa Outhwaite, and LUMCON Director and GCOOS Board Member Dr. Brian Roberts.
The annual meeting also included a presentation on an open-access reef-temperature data repository by Tulane University Post-bachelor researchers Oliwia Jasnos and Avi Strange and an overview of GCOOS Marine Heatwave work by GCOOS’s National Academies GRP Science Policy Fellow Dr. Renata Kamakura. Following the overview, Dr. Rusty Low, Deputy Director for Science at the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, walked the group through various Global Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) protocols, with hands-on time dedicated to the Urban Heat Island activity.
GCOOS GIS product developer Jerad King closed out the day with updates on the GCOOS CETACEAN and Sea Turtle Atlas projects and shared plans to engage the OEC in planning for a GIS webinar series aimed at educators and practitioners.
Stay tuned to learn when this series will take place! During the second day of the meeting, OEC members and invited guests shared updates from their respective organizations to identify areas of collaboration to continue building synergy across GoM education programs. The OEC is excited to engage with the Southern Association of Marine Educators (SAME), which will be hosting the 2025 National Marine Educators Association annual conference in Lafayette, Louisiana June 29-July 3.
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New Marine Heatwave Project Under Way | |
The world’s oceans are getting hotter; in fact, May 2024 was warmer globally than any previous May in the data record. We know that warmer ocean temperatures can mean more frequent and more intense hurricanes, but that’s just one impact. Marine heatwaves (MHW) — warmer than normal water temperatures over an extended period — can impact fisheries, coral reefs and even inland temperatures.
GCOOS is partnering with researchers at the University of South Alabama/Dauphin Island Sea Lab (DISL) on a new project focused on marine heatwaves. In addition to developing a framework for expected heatwave impacts and a heatwave alert system, the project will define the tools needed for better detection of marine heatwaves — both at the surface and in the water column — to help Gulf stakeholders and resource managers mitigate impacts on coastal communities, ecosystems, and industries.
At GCOOS, Dr. Renata Poulton Kamakura — our first National Academy of Sciences’ Gulf Research Program Science Policy Fellow — is coordinating MHW efforts. In future months, GCOOS will share information about MHW impacts in the Gulf of Mexico and the groups leading coastal resilience efforts, as well as project updates and related information.
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Red Tide Respiratory Forecast | |
With red tide blooms being tracked off Florida’s west coast, the GCOOS Red Tide Respiratory Forecast made Newsweek. The Forecast is a risk-level forecast for red tide respiratory conditions on Florida and Texas beaches activated during red tides that allows coastal residents — especially those with chronic lung diseases — to avoid impacts.
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Congrats to Former GCOOS Intern | |
Congratulations to former GCOOS Intern Solomon Nyamekye, who graduated with his Master’s Degree in Environmental Analysis from Rice University this month. During his internship, Nyamekye helped GCOOS develop the Framework for Coastal Climate Services (FCCS) aimed at improving the overall effectiveness of climate data available and service delivery across Gulf region states. This effort involves extensive research, and stakeholder engagement, drawing inspiration from the Federal Framework and Action Plan for Climate Services and leveraging insights from the Global Framework for Climate Services. The Framework helps to identify the challenges and opportunities related to climate services in the Gulf and to define the organization’s role in contributing to broader government-led initiatives aimed at addressing the climate crisis, enhancing community resilience, and promoting sustainable socio-economic growth in the U.S. Way to go Solomon!
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What are the impacts of ocean acidification on ecosystems and animals? Several papers have recently been published that investigate these questions and others. Here’s a round-up for your holiday reading list!
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Cornwall, C. E., Comeau, S., & Harvey, B. P. (2024). Are physiological and ecosystem-level tipping points caused by ocean acidification? A critical evaluation. Earth System Dynamics, 15(3), 671-687. Link
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deVries, M. S., Ly, N., Ebner, C., & Hallisey, R. (2024). From individual calcifiers to ecosystem dynamics: ocean acidification effects on urchins and abalone. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 64(2), 290-305. Link
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Çelekli, A., & Zariç, Ö. E. (2024). Rising tide of ocean acidification. Environmental Research and Technology, 7(4), 605-613. Link
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Böök, I. M., Krieger, E. C., Phillips, N. E., Michael, K. P., Bell, J. J., Dillon, W. D., & Cornwall, C. E. (2024). Effects of ocean acidification on the interaction between calcifying oysters (Ostrea chilensis) and bioeroding sponges (Cliona sp.). Frontiers in Marine Science, 11, 1444863. Link
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Data (Inventory) Spotlight | |
New Model Inventory Webpage | |
The new IOOS Regional Models and Applications inventory webpage is now live. This webpage provides a central repository for users to browse and access the extensive collection of coastal and ocean models developed and supported by the Regional Associations. The webpage will be updated semi-annually to ensure it remains current. For questions, suggestions and to request models to be included, please email Ocean Prediction Coordinator Dr. Breanna Vanderplow at Breanna.Vanderplow@NOAA.gov.
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View the inventory page here
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The 2024 Hurricane season is finally over and residents in the Atlantic Basin/Gulf of Mexico are no doubt breathing a sigh of relief. The Atlantic basin saw 18 named storms in 2024, including 11 hurricanes, with five categorized as major hurricanes and five that made landfall in the continental U.S. The season fell within predicted ranges for named storms.
“As hurricanes and tropical cyclones continue to unleash deadly and destructive forces, it’s clear that NOAA’s critical science and services are needed more than ever by communities, decision makers and emergency planners,” said NOAA Administrator, Rick Spinrad, Ph.D. “I could not be more proud of the contributions of our scientists, forecasters, surveyors, hurricane hunter pilots and their crews for the vital role they play in helping to safeguard lives and property.”
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More glider information than ever before was used to support storm modeling and prediction during the 2024 hurricane season. The enhanced information helps to reduce forecast errors and supports the exploration of new research questions designed to provide better storm forecasting. GANDALF, the GCOOS piloting dashboard, played a big role during the season, hosting a record number of deployments of vehicles of all types, including Slocum gliders, Oceanscouts, Saildrones, Seagliders and other vehicles and ensuring the availability of data throughout the stakeholder community.In early December, glider systems operators who participated in the season’s hurricane-focused missions held a virtual hotwash to recap the season’s highlights and get a head start on planning for the 2025 season.
“Collaborations between federal agencies, including the U.S. Navy, universities and other organizations, played a huge role in the success of the 2024 glider missions,” said GCOOS Oceanographer Uchenna Nwankwo, who helps to plan and coordinate seasonal missions. “By working together, we’re able to gather so much additional data and improve forecasting and hurricane knowledge.”
Here are a few highlights from the season:
- We broke a record for the most deployments — 104 — and days at sea — 4,300.
- There was at least one glider in the water for the entire season.
- 24 gliders gathered data underneath tropical cyclones, within the extent of tropical storm force winds.
- Since 2018, there have been 840,000 glider profiles gathered since 2018.
- In the Gulf:
- There were 1,191 glider “wet” days
- Four gliders were under or near the five named storms
- All gliders were successfully recovered — including one that had a shark tooth embedded in its hull and another that lost a wing in a presumed boat strike
Even though it’s not a glider, the nomination for season “All-Star” should probably go to Saildrone 1057, which completed its mission on Dec 17. This Saildrone intercepted not one, not two, but four storms this season: Debby in August, Helene in September, Milton in October and Rafael in November!
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While hurricane season may have ended for 2024, that doesn’t mean GANDALF developers are taking a break!
Product Developer, Co-Data Manager Bob Currier and Scientific Computing Specialist Xiao Qi welcomed a new contributor recently to the piloting dashboard for uncrewed systems: the University of Windsor and the Real-Time Aquatic Ecosystem Observation Network (RAEON). UW is our first Canadian team to join the community.
GANDALF continues to expand its reach and will also soon be hosting glider deployments on Lake Erie. Currier and Qi were able to connect with UW at the Underwater Glider User Group (UG2) meeting in Michigan earlier this year and have since worked with them to enable data collection from Teledyne Webb Research.
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Watch this space for deployments!
Speaking of UG2: The final report from the Fall workshop is now available (click here) and UG2 is also seeking nominations for two industry-affiliated individuals to offer support for a robust and growing user group. Nominations are due before Jan. 31. Click here for the nomination form.
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Offshore Energy Production | |
The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) announced that it is issuing a “Determination of Competitive Interest” in two wind energy areas (WEAs) in the Gulf of Mexico after an unsolicited request from Hecate Energy Gulf Wind LLC expressing interest in acquiring a commercial wind energy lease for WEA options C and D.
BOEM has also announced the availability of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) Regional Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Oil and Gas Lease Sales Draft Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (EIS).
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EIS for Aquaculture in the Gulf of Mexico | |
NOAA has released a draft programmatic environmental impact statements for the Gulf of Mexico to help identify aquaculture opportunity areas. These areas were evaluated for their potential environmental, economic, and social suitability to support multiple commercial aquaculture operations. This process is rooted in science and public engagement that will help the U.S. plan for aquaculture development. Public listening sessions are planned for January and February and the public can comment on the plans through Feb. 20.
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Healthy Ecosystems & Living Resources
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Professionals who work in fields focused on wildlife, conservation and the environment are invited to help shape the training and professional development opportunities offered by the Texas Wildlife Academy (TWA), a new initiative from the Texas State Aquarium and the Institute for Wildlife Conservation.
TWA offers specialized professional development programs designed to bridge critical skills gaps in the wildlife and environmental disciplines. The Academy is committed to equipping individuals and organizations with the education necessary to advance wildlife conservation, respond effectively to environmental crises and support community resilience.
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New Funding for Ocean-Based Climate Resilience Accelerators |
IOOS has announced its $54.3 million investment in Ocean-based Climate Resilience Accelerators under the Inflation Reduction Act. This funding will support accelerators as they identify and sponsor businesses and startups that will enhance climate resilience in ocean, coastal and Great Lakes regions.
These accelerators have been a tentpole program for NOAA's IRA programming, and are led by the U.S. IOOS Office as the NOAA-lead for Ocean Enterprise affairs and are a novel investment to support the development and commercialization of new technologies and information services to meet growing market demands.
Over the next four years, these accelerators will identify climate resilience priorities and recruit promising businesses and entrepreneurs whose technologies align with those priorities and will help them overcome barriers to funding and support, ensuring they can make meaningful contributions to tackling urgent climate issues. NOAA will continue to engage with these accelerators, providing expertise and convening stakeholders from government, industry and academia to distill climate resilience needs and investment potential of these technologies.
Recommended accelerators are:
- Ocean Renewable Energy to support the siting, construction and operation of ocean renewable energy resources.
- Coastal and ocean carbon sequestration monitoring and accounting to track the effectiveness and environmental impact of removing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and storing it in the deep ocean.
- Hazard mitigation and coastal resilience to improve wind and water level predictions that help prepare for and reduce beach erosion, coastal flooding and — most important — prevent loss of human life.
- Ecosystem Services to accurately assess and forecast ecosystem changes, like shifts in species location, marine heat waves or changes in sea level and to support decision makers, including natural resource managers, offshore operators, permitting agencies and others who require the best available science, data and predictions to reduce uncertainty in decision making processes.
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IRA Funding for Climate-Ready Fisheries | |
The Biden-Harris Administration has announced $147.5 million in Inflation Reduction Act funding to enable NOAA to modernize its science enterprise. NOAA Fisheries will use $107.5 million to enhance science and data collection to account for the effects of climate change and improve fish and marine mammal stock assessments. This funding will modernize and transform the agency’s technological capabilities, and broaden the scope of observations that NOAA collects using innovative methods like uncrewed systems, remote sensing and environmental DNA collection.
Another $40 million will fund the Climate, Ecosystems, and Fisheries Initiative to provide resource managers and fishing communities with the information they need to build resilience and adapt to changing marine ecosystems.
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Economic Consequences of Flooding | |
NOAA’s Office for Coastal Management has released the results of a study on the socioeconomic consequences of future flooding with sea level rise in the northern Gulf of Mexico. The economic impact data viewer and infographic can help users explore and utilize the economic impact data. In addition to NOAA’s Program for Local Adaptation to Climate Effects, contributing partners included Louisiana State University, Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies and The Water Institute.
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Mississippi Deepwater Horizon Restoration | |
Mississippi has announced new projects designed to help restore and protect the environment and economy of the state following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The projects are part of Mississippi’s Multiyear Implementation Plan (MIP) Amendment #8 and Mississippi’s 2024 State Expenditure Plan (MSEP) Amendment.
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Both plans are available for public review and comment through Feb. 14, 2025. Click here for the MIP and click here for the MSEP.
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To provide input or submit written comments by email to restore@mdeq.ms.gov, fax to 601.961.5366, or mail to MDEQ, Attn: Melanie Green, 515 East Amite St., Jackson, MS 39201.
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The Alabama Trustee Implementation Group (TIG) has approved a final restoration plan with projects to address injuries to natural resources caused by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The Final Restoration Plan IV and Environmental Assessment: Wetlands, Coastal and Nearshore Habitats; Nutrient Reduction; Birds; Oysters; and Provide and Enhance Recreational Opportunities analyzed eleven projects and selects seven, allocating $24.1 million.
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University of South Florida
Remote Sensing Lab Receives Prestigious Pecora Award
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USF’s Optical Oceanography Lab has received the 51st annual William T. Pecora Group Award from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for innovations in remote sensing.
The Lab, led by Dr. Chuanmin Hu, has pioneered innovative remote sensing methodologies to investigate algal blooms, oil spills and coastal ecosystem dynamics, and effectively translated the research into meaningful applications that support decision makers, mitigate disasters, educate future professionals and provide public services.
According to the award summary: “Perhaps their most significant contribution to science and the public was the discovery of the Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt, extensive mats of brown seaweed that extends from the west coast of Africa to the Gulf of Mexico that has had significant, detrimental impacts on coastal ecosystems and communities across the Tropical Atlantic. The Sargassum Belt, which annually impacts over 30 countries, made the Guinness World Records as the world’s largest macroalgal bloom; and this effort was selected by the Discover magazine as one of the top 50 discoveries in 2019. But the OOL didn’t stop there – they turned their discovery into applications to serve the public, developing the open access Sargassum Watch System which provides updated satellite images with monthly bulletins distributed to user groups on an interactive platform so that interested parties can specifically select a region of interest to track Sargassum in support of mitigation efforts.”
Presented annually since 1974 the award was established to recognize outstanding individuals or teams working toward understanding the Earth (land, oceans and air), educating the next generation of scientists, informing decision makers or supporting natural or human-induced disaster response.
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Gulf Ecosystem Initiative
Call for Proposals: GoM Synthesis Science Projects
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The Gulf Ecosystem Initiative has opened its third call for proposals for synthesis science projects in the Gulf of Mexico and opened applications for post-doctoral researchers.
The Initiative is a $3.5 million partnership between the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS) and the NOAA RESTORE Science Program to fund synthesis science and postdoctoral research designed to improve the integrated understanding and management of the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem and to build capacity for conducting synthesis on the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem, including workforce development and promoting use of open-source data.
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SeaGrant
Nominations for 2026 Knauss Fellowships
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Nominations are now open for the 2026 Sea Grant Knauss Fellowship. The Fellowship provides a unique educational and professional experience to graduate students interested in ocean, coastal and Great Lakes resources and the national policy decisions affecting them.
The Fellowship, named after one of Sea Grant’s founders and former NOAA Administrator John A. Knauss, matches highly qualified graduate students with “hosts” in the legislative and executivebranch of government located in the Washington, D.C. area, for a one-year paid fellowship.
- Applications are due in February. For details and application information, click here
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Gulf Research Program
Workshop Registration Open
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Registration is now open for the Gulf Research Program’s upcoming workshop “Building Health and Resilience Research Capacity in the U.S. Gulf Coast: Elevating Minority-Serving Institutions as Key Partners.”
The workshop is the second in a series exploring opportunities for minority-serving institutions (MSIs)to have greater participation, competitiveness and leadership in community-engaged research efforts. Participants will discuss partnerships within, across and outside MSIs and historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) to support MSI-led community-engaged research, as well as examine translating that research into practice.
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Center for Ocean Leadership
Diverse Ocean Workforce Discussion
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The ocean economy's future relies on a diverse, inclusive workforce to address complex challenges. While diversity is crucial for innovation and equitable distribution of benefits, students from various backgrounds face significant barriers to entering ocean careers, according to a new report from the Center for Ocean Leadership.
According to the Center: Collaboration across education, non-profit, commercial and governmental sectors is essential to overcome these challenges. To build stronger, more inclusive pathways into the ocean workforce, targeted interventions are needed at every stage of career development. These include improving access to education, providing mentorship, and ensuring inclusive hiring practices and workplace cultures.
In May, the Center hosted a virtual forum to address:
- Ocean workforce needs across sectors
- Barriers for students from different backgrounds
- Solutions to overcome these barriers equitably
- This discussion complements recent studies on blue economy workforce development and diversity in ocean sciences, aiming to provide recommendations for the community and inform ongoing activities in the field.
- Read the full report here
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IOOS Association
New Website, New Staff
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The IOOS Association, the nonprofit organization that supports the 11 regional ocean observing associations, has a new website and has welcomed some new staff members this month.
Online: IOOSAssociation.org
New Staff:
- Gabrielle Hillyer, Program Specialist for Pan-Regional Collaborations
- Anna Barboza, Program Specialist for Equitable Service Delivery
- Georgia Gayle, Office Administrator and Finance Coordinator
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NOAA
Nominations Open: Climate Services Advisory Committee
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Now that the new Climate Services Advisory Committee (CSAC) has been created, NOAA has opened a call for nominations to the committee. The CSAC will advise the under secretary on the accessibility, effectiveness and use of NOAA's climate services — data, information, science, tools, and decision support — in preparing the U.S. for the impacts of climate change, consistent with the National Science and Technology Council's “Federal Framework and Action Plan for Climate Services”.
- Nominations for initial consideration are due Dec. 20, though nominations will remain open in case of committee vacancies
- Click here for details and nomination information.
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Science, Service and Stewardship — A 2024 Report from NOAA | |
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National Science Foundation: Program Director
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Hello.gov - Sr. Cloud and Data Engineer
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National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine; Gulf Research Program: Executive Director
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National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine; Gulf Research Program: Program Officer - Environmental Protection and Stewardship Board
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University of Miami: Assistant Professor in Physical Oceanography
- Mote Marine Laboratory
Postdoctoral Positions:
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: National Centers for Coastal Ocean Sciences, NRC Research Programs
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Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: Postdoctoral Fellowship
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National Research Council: Research Associateship Programs Postdoctoral and Senior Research Awards
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Mississippi State University: Postdoctoral Associate
Fellowships:
- Susan L. Williams National Coral Reef Management Fellowship
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - Coastal Management Fellowship
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National Academies of Science, Engineering and Mathematics: Early Career Fellowships
- Department of Defense: Visualization of Coastal Data, Coastal Vulnerability Assessment Fellow
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Red Snapper Recovery
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Translating Coastal Research into Application
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Gulf of Mexico Alliance: Increasing Participation in Clean and Resiient Marine Programs
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Seagrant: Addressing Priority Research, Extenision and Education Needs
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The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine: Early Career Research Fellowship
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National Estuaries Program: Watershed Grant RFP
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GCOOS is the Gulf of Mexico regional component of the U.S. Integrated Ocean Observing System (IOOS) and the only certified system dedicated solely to the Gulf of Mexico. Our mission is to provide on-demand information about the Gulf’s coastal and open ocean waters that is accurate, reliable and benefits people, ecosystems and the economy. https://ror.org/024q01f72 | |
Dr. Jorge Brenner, Executive Director • Dr. Barbara Kirkpatrick, Senior Advisor • Dr. Uchenna Nwankwo, Oceanographer • Dr. Chris Simoniello, Outreach & Education Manager • Dr. Renata Poulton Kamakura, Science Policy Fellow • Felimon Gayanilo, Systems Architect, Co-Data Manager • Bob Currier, Product Developer, Co-Data Manager • Tuomo Saari, Scientific Computing Specialist • Xiao Qi, Scientific Computing Specialist • Jennifer Vreeland-Dawson, Program Coordinator • Megan Howson, Marine Mammal Biologist and Data Scientist • Jerad King, GIS Developer • Grant Craig, Project Manager and HABscope Volunteer Coordinator • Nadine Slimak, Public Relations & Content Marketing, Vetted Communications, LLC • Laura Caldwell, Program Assistant | | | | |