Geography/Habitat:
Cassin’s Finch, (Carpodacus cassinii), was first described by Baird in Arizona in 1854 and is named after John Cassin, a famous ornithologist and artist. Cassin was an early pioneer of systematic bird classification. There are currently 9 recognized sub-species defined by Moore in the 1930s. Note that there is much variation in size and male plumage and this complexity needs further study.
Cassin’s Finch is exclusively found in North America and is primarily a resident in the western U.S. states of from Washington south to northern Arizona and New Mexico. Some short distance migration occurs with the finch moving north into Canada during the breeding season, and some southerly movement in the winter as far as northwest Texas and Mexico.
Preferred habitat is high elevation conifer stands but will move to lower elevations in winter in search of food.
Nests are constructed of roots, twigs, and leaves and are typically 10-20 feet high in a conifer tree. Four to seven eggs are laid, and often one pair can have three clutches of eggs per season. Incubation lasts for 14-15 days and is carried out by the female. Note that Cassin’s Finches are monogamous. The male’s courtship display includes gifts of food, and that often continues during nesting.
Food is typically seed and buds, but will include fruit and occasionally insects during the Summer.
Vocalization is a strong sweet warble. Its call is a very distinctive “pwee-de-lip”.
Identification:
A medium to large sized finch, the male is distinctive with a bright crimson crown and pinkish face and breast. A large and wide malar streak is distinctive. The underparts are whiteish, and the back and wings are black with white and brown edging. Note the long primary wing projection and cone shaped bill. The female is much duller but has distinct brownish cast, and streaks over its entire underbody.
Interesting Facts:
· Cassin’s Finches love salt and can often be seen in mineral deposits trying to find it. Note when threatened they typically freeze still rather than fly.
· Males look like females during their first breeding season. This is important as sometimes it appears females sing as well as males.
· A group of finches is known as a company, a trembling, or a charm.
