Newsletter of the
Structural Engineers Association of Washington
|
|
 |
State Leadership
President
Jim Farley (SW)
Vice President
Jill Shuttleworth (SC)
Treasurer
OPEN
Secretary
OPEN
Past President
Trustees
Mike Visser (SE)
Shalini Prochazka (SE)
Jill Shuttleworth (SC)
Daniel Sumerfield (SC)
Logun Rasmussen (SP)
Colby Litzenberger (SP)
Jim Farley (SW)
Dan Tappel (SW)
In the Issue
- November Meeting is Going Virtual
- SEFW Fall Forum is November 12th!
- Malheur East Canal Bridge Repair Project
- SEAW Wind Engineering Committee (WEC)
- The SE 2050 Commitment Program to Launch in November!
- SEAW Refresher Course
- Drilled Shaft Testing in the Northwest
- YMG Corner
- State and Chapter Committee Reports
- Membership Postings
- Employment Opportunities
- Upcoming Events
- From the Editor
|
|
|
|
Seattle Chapter's November Virtual Meeting!
"COVID Conversations in the Structural Engineering Office"
Our in-person November dinner meeting has been moved to a virtual meeting. Join your fellow SEAW members for this webinar!
Date: Tuesday, November 17th
Time: 4:00PM - 5:00PM PST
Location: GoToWebinar
Cost: SEAW Members and Students - FREE!
Non-Members - $10
PDH: 1 Hour PDH certificates will be emailed to attendees after the webinar.
Register to Attend: Click here. After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar.
Presentation:
Are you a structural engineer working from home who is currently transitioning or will transition back to the office in the coming months? Are you back in the office now, but prefer to work from home? Are you feeling anxious about balancing concerns about illness, childcare, and keeping your job? Are you wondering about how to keep (or go back to) working from home, staying safe if you’re working in the office (and masks/social distancing isn’t enforced), or work travel but aren’t sure how to navigate conversations around masks, social distancing, and construction site visits with professionalism?
This presentation will explore the state of the structural engineering industry related to COVID including the current status of returning to the office, and equip attendees with the tools they need to tackle tough conversations around working from home, office safety, construction site visits, and work travel in the pandemic.
Presenter:
Stephanie Slocum, PE, is the founder of Engineers Rising LLC and author of She Engineers. She helps engineers learn the people and business skills they need to have influence and impact in their careers. She is the current chair of the Structural Engineering Institute’s (SEI) Business Practices Committee, was recently elected to the SEI Board of Governors, and is a member of the NCSEA SE3 committee. Prior to founding Engineers Rising in 2018, she worked as a structural engineer for 15 years, where her last position was Associate Principal. She has extensive experience in the design and structural engineering project management of low to mid-rise commercial building projects, totaling over $500 million dollars in overall construction costs.
|
|
|
|
SEFW Fall Forum is November 12th! |
|
By Angela Gottula Twining
It is showtime for the Structural Engineers Foundation of Washington 10th Annual Fall Forum! Be sure to tune in on Thursday, November 12 for the virtual event, “Bridging Washington: The History, Structure, and Innovation of Washington Bridges.” Maureen Elenga, historian and author, and John Stanton, professor of civil engineering at the University of Washington, will together present intriguing stories and engineering marvels of bridges all over the state.
It is rather fortunate that the virtual nature of this year’s Forum will allow the event to reach a broader audience. More than 250 people have registered for the live event, representing 10+ states and 5 countries! The event will be livestreamed via Crowdcast from Town Hall Seattle, and will also be shown on YouTube with closed captions. There will be a Q&A chat feature to engage the speakers after the presentation.
SEFW wishes to thank the 28 companies and one individual who have sponsored at the Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Platinum levels, as well as seven individuals who have become Friends of the Foundation. All contributions to SEFW are tax-deductible and go toward fulfilling the SEFW mission to enhance the profession of structural engineering.
|
|
Malheur East Canal Bridge Repair Project |
|
By Harvey Coffman, PE, SE, John Bergeleen, PE, Damiano Seghetti, PE
Project Summary New East Canal Bridge
The Malheur East Canal Bridge Repair project involves the construction of a new bridge located east of Frenchglen in rural, unincorporated Harney County, Oregon. The proposed project is located within the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, which is owned and managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USF&WS) and will include the removal of the existing timber bridge deck and superstructure and the construction of a new thermoplastic bridge deck and superstructure on the abutments of the existing bridge. These abutments are on the National Register of Historic Places, originally built by the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) around 1940, and will therefore not be modified. There will be no in-water work required or approved for this project.
Originally tasked as a design-build project, Coffman suggested to USF&WS to change the project to design-bid-build to improve the bidding competition. Overall, there were 15 bidders with a low bid of $89,700.
|
|
Existing East Canal roadway approach to bridge. Looking north at the existing bridge. |
|
Existing historic un-grouted stacked-rock north abutment. Canal weir at right. |
|
Existing East Canal Bridge Description
The new bridge superstructure will place the existing bridge superstructure. The existing bridge has a load restriction of 3 tons. It consists of a single span of timber stringers and timber deck supported by un-grouted, stacked-rock abutments. The superstructure is seated on a concrete cap the full width of the bridge.
Demolition of Existing Wooden Bridge
The existing timber bridge superstructure and deck shall be disassembled and moved from the site to a location specified on the plans. The storage site shall be approved by USF&WS. The existing stacked-rock abutments shall not be demolished or damaged in the removal process.
|
|
Existing bridge and flow control device upstream elevation. Looking west. |
|
Existing bridge (recently replaced with timber) downstream elevation. Looking southwest. |
|
Proposed East Canal Bridge
The new bridge will consist of a 16’-0” wide screw laminated thermoplastic bridge with curbs on either side supported by the existing stacked-rock abutments. A bridge made from this material will be similar to the existing timber structure. The use of a modern material and current design code will provide a stronger, safer bridge.
The bridge consists of:
- 3x12 x 18’-6” long boards for superstructure members.
- 1x12 pressure treated timber wearing board surface.
- 5” x 7” wheel rub curbs.
At the owners request the bridge was designed for a 19-ton load limit on the un-grouted stacked rocks.
Thermoplastic structural members have limited availability. The ‘T’ sections used to make up ‘I’ girder designs typically found on the internet were unavailable at the time of construction. The largest rectangular section available in America at the time had a nominal 12-inch dimension. This is the reason the bridge was designed with the laminated 3x12 planks. However, if ‘T’ sections and larger rectangular sections were available, this bridge could have been designed to full AASHTO design loads.
Examples of bridges built from thermoplastic seem to all be faring well. In the Town of York, Maine they built a thermoplastic bridge on a rural route in 2011 and it has been performing well, with no maintenance issues identified.
Overall, the material is similar to wood. Its weight is slightly heavier, but it is superior in flexure and shear capacities. Its plastic characteristics make it have a tendency to creep under sustained loads. For this reason, the allowable stresses are tempered, but still higher than timber. The limiting material parameter is the elastic modulus. This parameter is inferior to timber and generally controls the span capability.
Construction is slated to begin in late November 2020 and to be completed shortly afterwards.
|
|
Existing bridge re-construction in 2019 before the current contract to install thermoplastic superstructure. |
|
SEAW Wind Engineering Committee (WEC) |
|
By Scott Douglas
Wind Engineering Committee (WEC)
The SEAW Wind Engineering Committee typically meets on the third or fourth Thursday of every other month. The next meeting will be Thursday November 19.
The primary focus of the SEAW WEC through the end of this year is to fully fund Washington’s portion of the Oregon-Washington Special Wind Regions (SWR) Study. SEAW has partnered with the Structural Engineers Association of Oregon (SEAO) to identify the specific wind speeds and boundaries of the SWR in our respective states. To date $14,750 has been raised out of the $25,500 total required for SEAW’s portion of this study. A concentrated effort is being made to fully fund Washington’s portion and start this study before the end of this year.
After completion, the SEAW WEC plans to publish a white paper referencing the study and recommending that the AHJ’s (authorities having jurisdiction) in Washington’s SWR adopt the study’s findings. The final goal is to have the study’s findings incorporated in ASCE 7 and the IBC.
Next Meeting: Thursday November 19 from 12:00 noon to 1:00 pm.
Go to meeting log-in information:
Access Code: 117-222-389
Please contact the WEC chair, Scott Douglas sdouglasscott@gmail.com, to join the SEAW WEC and to receive information and announcements on Committee activities and actions.
|
|
The SE 2050 Commitment Program to Launch in November! |
|
By Chris Jeseritz & Megan Stringer
During this year’s Greenbuild International Conference occurring November 10-12, the Structural Engineers (SE) 2050 Commitment Program, backed by the Structural Engineering Institute (SEI), will officially launch to the public. The commitment program was developed in response to the initiative put forth by the members of the University of Washington’s Carbon Leadership Forum (CLF). The CLF’s challenge to structural engineers and their firms was to establish embodied carbon benchmarks and reduction goals to achieve net-zero embodied carbon in buildings by the year 2050. Therefore, the SE 2050 Commitment’s goal is to provide structural engineers with the necessary tools and resources to contribute and track projects towards the vision of net-zero embodied carbon buildings by 2050.
The program is broken down into three key strategies: Plan, Implement, and Share. After a firm formally signs onto the commitment, they will need to create an Embodied Carbon Action Plan (ECAP). The firm’s ECAP will center around four main topics: an embodied carbon education plan, a reporting plan, reduction strategies, and advocacy. Firms will then implement their ECAP with the support of educational resources and tools accessible through https://se2050.org/.
|
|
Lastly, firms will input projects’ embodied carbon measurements into the SE 2050 database. After adequate embodied carbon data has been collected for different regions and building types, embodied carbon benchmarks and reduction targets will be developed.
To learn more about the SE 2050 Commitment program and see the available embodied carbon resources available to structural engineers, visit https://se2050.org/!
|
|
Refresher Course
Date: February 2 - March 23, 2021
Time: 6:30 - 8:30pm
Webinar Access Only!
|
|
Registration Fees:
Full Course
Members - $350
Non-Members - $425
Notes Only
Members - $150
Non-Members - $200
|
|
|
SEAW Seattle Chapter, will hold its annual Refresher Course on Tuesday and Thursday evenings from February 2nd through March 23rd.
The course instruction and PDF notes are designed to assist engineers preparing for the NCEES Structural Exam and for practicing engineers who want to review principles of structural engineering. Fifteen two-hour lectures will present information regarding Structural Analysis, Wind Design, Foundations & Earth Retaining Structures, Seismic Design I & II, Structural Steel Design I & II, Concrete Design I & II, Pre-stressed/Post-tensioned Concrete Design, Bridge Design I & II, Wood Design, Masonry Design and Cold-Formed Steel Design.
Course presentations are exclusively offered online through GoToMeeting.
We would like to welcome Oregon SEAO members for the fourth year. SEAO Members may register at SEAW member pricing.
For those unable to attend the course, complete course notes of the most recent course are available via a download link for easy access at a price of $150 for SEAW members, and $200 for all others.
|
|
Tuesday, February 2
Introduction & Analysis
Bruce Erickson, P.E., S.E.
KPFF Consulting Engineers
Thursday, February 4
Wind Design
Don Scott, S.E., F.SEI
PCS Structural Solutions
Tuesday, February 9
Structural Steel Design I
Mathew Wies, P.E., S.E.
DCI Engineers
Thursday, February 11
Structural Steel Design II
Mathew Wies, P.E., S.E.
DCI Engineers
Tuesday, February 16
Seismic Design I
Mike Visser, P.E., S.E.
Visser Engineering
|
|
Thursday, February 18
Seismic Design II
Mike Visser, P.E., S.E.
Visser Engineering
Tuesday, February 23
Bridge Design I
Greg Hess, P.E., S.E.
KPFF Consulting Engineers
Thursday, February 25
Bridge Design II
Greg Hess, P.E., S.E.
KPFF Consulting Engineers
Tuesday, March 2
Concrete Design I
Mark Whiteley, P.E., S.E.
CKC Structural Engineers
Thursday, March 4
Concrete Design II
Mark Whiteley, P.E., S.E.
CKC Structural Engineers
|
|
Tuesday, March 9
Prestressed Concrete Design
Ron Mirahsani, P.E., S.E.
CKC Structural Engineers
Thursday, March 11
Wood Design
Dick Hemmen, P.E., S.E.
DCI Engineers
Tuesday, March 16
Masonry Design
John Hochwalt, P.E., S.E.
KPFF Consulting Engineers
Thursday, March 18
Foundations & Earth Retaining Structures
Andrew McGlenn P.E., S.E.
Jacobs Associates
Tuesday, March 23
Cold-Formed Steel Design
Chris LeVan, PE SE
KPFF Consulting Engineers Inc.
|
|
Drilled Shaft Testing in the Northwest |
|
By Lauren Gara, GRL Engineers, Inc.
Drilled shafts are commonly tested in this region, due to hardened rock formations and dense soil. The region takes to concrete integrity testing with thermal integrity profiling and crosshole analysis for these drilled shafts, but could also benefit from bottom cleanliness evaluation and shaft verticality assessment.
An important aspect of bored pile construction is the cleaning and inspection of the bottom of the hole prior to concrete placement. Typical bottom inspection provides limited information on the cleanliness and can even be misleading when there is no quantitative data available. Cleanliness testing can be performed using a Shaft Quantitative Inspection Device (SQUID) to measure force and displacement at the bottom of the shaft to quantitatively assess the cleanliness or debris thickness. This method has been accepted in areas of the northeast as an approachable, result-driven test and is being adopted by transportation departments.
Another test of drilled shaft integrity involves verticality and alignment of shafts. The Shaft Area Profile Evaluator (SHAPE) can provide shaft area profile evaluations which utilize ultra-sonic signals to scan the sides of an excavated drilled hole. This testing is performed before concrete is poured to determine if the shaft meets the design specifications. Correcting the shaft verticality before a pour can save extended cost and time on a project.
|
|
Pile Driving with Hammer Credit: GRL Engineers, Inc.
|
|
Bottom Cleanliness Assessment with SQUID Credit: GRL Engineers, Inc.
|
|
By Juzer Millwala
SEAW YMG hosted two events in October 2020.
The first was part of our technical talk on ‘Ground Improvement Techniques, Installation Methods and Case Studies’ by Geopier. This was an extremely informative talk as we learned about the interdisciplinary coordination between geotechnical and structural engineers. This talk was attended by both disciplines and we had a turnout of over 15 people.
The second was a social event on Oct 8th in which we hosted a virtual happy hour followed by a brief technical talk on unreinforced masonry by Melissa White of Dibble Engineers. We again had upwards of 15 people attend and had a lot of fun playing ice breakers to get to know different engineers within the community. We raffled off gift cards at the end to add some extra entertainment to the night. Congratulations to the lucky winners!
We are excited to announce more technical talks/social events coming your way and are always looking for companies to sponsor social events or provide technical presentations. Please reach out to seawymg@gmail.com if you are interested in sponsoring an event.
You can join the YMG mailing list here to be kept up to date on our upcoming events.
|
|
State and Chapter Committee Reports |
|
Contact the committee chair if you are interested in learning more or getting involved:
- NCSEA Delegate – Chun Lau
- Earthquake Engineering Committee – Kai Ki Mow
- One of the current main focus and an important topic that the committee hopes to address in the upcoming year is the Increased Seismic Load in the newly published ASCE 7-16.
- Members interested in EEC can find additional information regarding the meeting on the SEAW website calendar or can contact the committee chair.
- Outreach Committee - Gino Mazzotti
- To receive emails about volunteer opportunities please sign up on the SEAW Outreach page
- Sustainability Committee – Chris Jeseritz
- Refresher Committee – Mark Whiteley
- Public Information Committee – Darrell Staaleson
- Disaster Preparation/Response Committee – Joyce Lem
- WABO Liaison Committee – Matt Snook
- The SEAW/WABO Liaison committee is now available for questions from SEAW or WABO members. These questions can be about subjects addressed in the white papers already issued or general questions in the realm of structural engineering practice as it relates to interaction with the various building departments. Comments or questions can be emailed to matts@cplinc.com.
- Technology Taskforce – Morgan Wiese
- Membership Task Group – Jill Shuttleworth
- Continuing Education Committee – Nathalie Boeholt
- Scholarship Committee – Kevin Solberg
|
|
In accordance with SEAW bylaws, membership applications are vetted by the executive director, granted probationary status by the chapter board, and posted for membership comment. Membership is considered accepted 30 days after posting if current year dues are paid and no member objections have been received. Read More
New Members:
- Victoria Trexel
- Anandharam Mourougassamy
- Matthew Copus
- Shreyans Rathod
- Dimple Ji
|
|
Are you currently seeking employment as a structural engineer, senior manager, or a senior engineer technician? Check out our job board for current employment opportunities. Learn More
|
|
At Axiom we are committed to building high performing teams through encouraging and modeling a growth mindset and recognizing each staff’s unique contribution to the team. Our commitment means that we believe each challenge we face is an opportunity to learn and improve.
Our main office is in Boise, Idaho and we have a smaller office located in Salt Lake City, Utah. We are looking for people who want to join our team either remotely or at one of our current office locations.
You are a structural engineer with a sense that there is a better way out there. You are open to being pushed outside of your comfort zone, love brainstorming and collaborative learning and are not afraid to give and receive feedback. You want to be a part of a growing organization where you can have an impact and opportunities to flex your skills.
The positions: Senior Project Manager, Project Manager, Project Engineer
The Basics:
- Bachelor's Degree in Civil, Structural, or Architectural Engineering
- 5+ years full time Structural Design experience
- Experience in Mixed Use, Hospitality, Commerical or Industrial market types
- Proficiency in post tension concrete, wood and other light framing (light gauge), steel and high seismic
- PE Required
The Preferred:
- Master’s in Civil Engineering preferred (with a structural emphasis)
- SE
- Experience in Lean Construction
The Benefits:
- Competitive base salary + quarterly bonus based on company profitability – we win as a team!
- Company paid health, dental, short term, and long-term disability
- Optional employee paid Vision plan
- 401k with 4% Employer Match
- Generous Paid Time Off + 7 Paid Holidays
- Sabbatical Program that includes 3 weeks off to explore something you love
- Team bonding: Axe throwing, Jeopardy, Mountain Biking, Backpacking and happy hour!
We are committed to equal employment opportunity regardless of race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, age, citizenship, marital status, disability, gender, gender identity or expression, or veteran status. We are proud to be an equal opportunity workplace.
|
|
Located across the street from T-Mobile Park, Lund Opsahl is a growing structural engineering firm that provides a wide spectrum of services, including planning, design, seismic and damage assessments, upgrades, additions, tenant improvements, and construction support for a variety of new and existing building types in the Pacific Northwest. Our reputation as creative innovators and technical experts is built on responsive service, collaborative teamwork, and lasting relationships. Our firm's size offers early opportunities to work on challenging projects and encourages exciting career growth uncommon at larger firms, especially for the ambitious.
Currently, we are looking for Structural Engineers with minimum of three (3) years experience.
BENEFITS:
- Competitive benefits and salaries
- Health, Dental, and Vision Insurance/Health Savings Account
- Performance-based bonuses
- Flexible working hours
- 401(k) with matching contribution
- Profit Sharing Plan
- PTO, and holidays
- Group activities and team events
- In-House education programs
- Free parking
- (Did we say we're next to T-Mobile Park?!)
Please visit our website, for additional information and job descriptions for each of these positions. Inquires and resumes may be sent to careers@lundopsahl.com.
|
|
Opportunities for Mid-level Design Engineer and Senior Project Manager
Seattle Structural is looking for qualified professionals to join our talented group practicing across a number of different industries. Seattle Structural offers an excellent opportunity to work on a variety of public and private institutional, healthcare, educational, and commercial projects both domestically and internationally. We offer a competitive salary and a relaxed, collaborative work environment. Benefits include medical insurance, transit reimbursement, and retirement matching. Seattle Structural is a firm that makes it easy to become personally invested in the achievements of your company.
Seattle Structural is an Equal Opportunity Employer.
We are filling two positions. Candidates must meet the following requirements:
-
Mid-level Designer: 5+ years’ experience.
-
Senior Project Manager: 10+ years’ experience.
- BS or MS in Structural, Civil/Structural, or Architectural Engineering.
- Experience in steel and concrete buildings, lateral analysis, deep foundations, and marine projects are desired.
-
Working knowledge of CAD and Revit preferred.
- Strong emphasis on client service.
- Excellent communication skills.
- Strong technical skills.
Please address inquiries to:
Howard Burton, President
Seattle Structural PS Inc.
3131 Elliott Ave STE 600A
Seattle, WA 98121
|
|
MLA Engineering has an exciting opportunity for an experienced Structural Engineer to join our consulting and design firm in Seattle, WA. Our diverse projects require critical thinking and creativity that is cultivated through our problem-solving approach in a small group environment.
We design new buildings and renovate existing structures in concrete, structural steel, masonry, and wood-framed structures. Our projects vary from small to large-size buildings and facilities. In addition to our building design and governmental projects, including county and state infrastructure, MLA specializes in the structural design of national and international zoos and aquariums.
Qualifications required for this Structural Engineer position include:
- Master’s Degree in Civil Engineering with Structural emphasis;
- Minimum of 3 years of experience working in a consulting design office;
- PE license preferred;
- Strong technical and analytical skills;
- Intuitive and practical;
- Practical use of REVIT as a design tool;
- Proficient with structural software such as RISA, ETABS, SAP2000;
- Excellent communication skills;
· Motivated to advance your effectiveness as an engineer.
Our work environment encourages creativity, teamwork, and professional growth. To learn more about MLA, please visit our website at: www.mlaengineering.com
Location: Convenient Downtown Seattle location with excellent public transit options; potential opportunities in New York City.
Benefits: Top line Medical, Dental & Vision insurance, generous HRA account, 401K Plan w/4% matching, PTO & Sick LV, and professional training
Work Schedule: Flexible
Salary: Competitive + bonuses
Projects: Diverse and often unique
MLA Engineering is an equal opportunity employer. We encourage women and minority candidates to apply.
|
|
November 12: 10th Annual Fall Forum:Bridging Washington
November 17: Seattle Chapter November Virtual Meeting
|
|
November 2020
Equilibrium Publication Team:
Shivang Gupta, Editor
John Gunn, Past Editor
Zohrah Ali
Allison Tran
Blaine Sanchez
Lisette Terry
Chase Young
Alisha Khadka
|
|
Upon the departure of our friend John Gunn from the chapter, it has left a vacancy in the seat for a new newsletter editor. With much excitement and honor, I’d like to introduce myself to the group as the new editor for Equilibrium.
I think newsletters as a fascinating platform to draw new audiences, build diverse forms of engagement, cover the issues we care about and build habituation.
At Equilibrium, we are always looking for new committee members to help us brainstorm initiatives, targeting audiences large and niche. We are proud of every issue, and with your help, I believe that we can make this newsletter a truly special one.
One can find me hiking, running & trying different Northwest IPAs when I’m not buried under project work at Jacobs.
Oh, and one more thing.. please don’t hesitate to send in your feedback at
ACTION ITEMS:
1.All members are welcome to submit articles to Equilibrium. To help you with your writer's block, here are a few topics: Write “Engineer's Notes from Afield,” summarize an interesting technical design you worked on, write about how you have been successful and increased productivity with an accounting procedure or marketing technique, write about your experiences doing community service, or share some construction site photos and talk about lessons learned.
2.“A Picture and a Paragraph.” Please use the article submittal form provided and the picture needs a caption along with the names of the people in the photo.
3.Please submit your articles in Word format using the Article Template. [Article Template]
CORRECTIONS:
The authors of the articles “On the Boards for DCI Engineers: Klickitat County Services Building” and “SEAW Wind Engineering Committee (WEC)” were switched. Thomas Holman, PE, SE; Chris Ferrera, PE, SE; and Eric Rico, PE, were the authors of “On the Boards for DCI Engineers: Klickitat County Services Building” and Scott Douglas was the author of “SEAW Wind Engineering Committee (WEC)”.
November Puzzle:
What is the only cephalopod with an internal coiled shell?
Clue: It was recently filmed in the wild for the first time.
Bonus: What other recently-filmed cephalopod is now the world’s deepest octopus?
Look on the SEAW Facebook Page for a picture clue!
The first SEAW member to respond on our SEAW Facebook Page – with a correct and full answer - will get a prize.
October Puzzle:
Which word is the Guinness World Record holder for having the most meanings in the English language?
Clue: The number of meanings is based on the Second Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary, published in 1989.
Bonus: As of 2011, which word has the most meanings in the Oxford English Dictionary?
Picture Clue:
|
|
Answer:
The Guinness World Record holder for the most meanings is “set”. The word currently with the most meanings is “run”.
|
|
Structural Engineers Association of Washington
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
