CIOs that are under pressure to bring two companies’ IT systems and applications together after a merger or acquisition can unify their directory services quickly and inexpensively with a Virtual Identity Server. This paper looks at three of the leading approaches to bridging disparate sets of directory services into one seamless directory following a merger or acquisition. Conversely, we’ll look at the aspect of a divestiture, in which one company must entirely split out from another. Here, too, directory services play a role in a clean and quick divestiture or spin-off.