Dear Salk community,

Recent discoveries at the Salk Institute rolled out in pairs this month and attracted the attention of numerous media outlets, both locally and nationwide. We also celebrate two new faculty recruits who will travel across the country to join the Institute.
 
I am excited to share that two new full professors, both from Yale, will join Salk in early 2018. Susan Kaech will be director of the Nomis Center for Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis and Gerald Shadel will be a professor in Salk's Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory.
 
Tatyana Sharpee's lab had two papers out earlier this month, one on her lab's mathematical theory to explain how new cell subtypes arise and the other outlining how a brain region called V2 helps make sense of visual information that represents natural patterns.
 
Two papers from Rusty Gage's lab made waves this month. One described a new method of reprogramming human stem cells to become astrocytes, and the other, published with UC San Diego collaborators, showed how microglia may contribute to neurological disorders like Alzheimer's Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases as well as schizophrenia, autism and depression.
 
Wolfgang Busch also garnered media attention for two studies: his discovery of a fluorescent dye that reveals how a plant hormone triggers cell wall-loosening enzymes to allow root growth, and his research into how some gene variants help plants grow in low-iron soils.
 
I am particularly excited about our upcoming 22nd annual Symphony at Salk on August 26. Individual tickets go on sale July 5, but if you want to make it a really festive evening, consider one of the unique table sponsorships that are available this year.
 
Please read on for more Institute news.

Yours in Discovery,



Elizabeth Blackburn

Salk News

Salk Institute welcomes two new faculty, Susan Kaech and Gerald Shadel 

Susan Kaech and Gerald Shadel Credit: Yale School of Medicine and  ©Sarah Whitaker
The Salk Institute is honored to welcome two new faculty with the rank of full professor, both of whom are highly respected and accomplished leaders in their fields. Susan Kaech and Gerald Shadel will inspire fresh collaborations and bring experienced perspectives to bear on Salk's approaches to health and disease.  The researchers were hired through the Rockstar Fund, founded in honor of Salk Board Chair Emeritus Irwin Jacobs to recruit high-profile scientists to the Institute. Kaech was recruited thanks to a grant from the Nomis Foundation, designated for a senior investigator to lead the Nomis Center at Salk. 

Kaech will serve as director of the Nomis Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis to further studies of the immune system, and Shadel will join the Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory where he will continue his research into the mechanisms of aging.


New neurobiology breakthroughs based on computation

Tatyana Sharpee and Ryan Rowekamp
Although we often take the ability to see for granted, this ability derives from sets of enigmatic mathematical transformations that take place in our brain. The lab of Tatyana Sharpee used a statistical method to analyze how neurons in a critical part of the brain, called V2, respond to scenes from nature. This work provides a better understanding of vision processing, which could be used to help advance computer-simulated vision.

Click here  to read  How the brain recognizes what the eye sees


Despite advances in neuroscience, no one even knows how many different types of neurons exist. Tatyana Sharpee uses information theory to develop a new mathematical framework that could help reveal fundamental laws governing biological complexity --- like how many different cell types (such as neurons) to expect in a system and how these cell types should work together. 

Click here to read How cells divide tasks and conquer work
A stylized microscopy image of an astrocyte (red) and neuron (green). Blue circles indicate cell nuclei.
Gage lab advances understanding of brain's diverse cell types
Neurons have long enjoyed the spotlight in neuroscience but, increasingly, star-shaped support cells called astrocytes are being seen as more than bit players in the brain's rich pageant. Rusty Gage's lab developed a faster and more effective way to grow astrocytes from stem cells that could yield breakthroughs for research into treatments of such diverse conditions as stroke, Alzheimer's or psychiatric disorders.

Click here  to read  A star is born: lesser-known brain cell takes center stage

From left: Rusty Gage (Salk Institute) and Christopher Glass (UC San Diego).
Rusty Gage and collaborators have, for the first time, characterized the molecular markers that make the brain's front lines of immune defense --- cells called microglia --- unique. In the process, they discovered further evidence that microglia may play roles in a variety of neurodegenerative and psychiatric illnesses, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases as well as schizophrenia, autism and depression. 

Click here to read  Brain's immune cells linked to Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, schizophrenia

Dual discoveries clarify how roots grow, survive in poor soils

Different fluorescent markers in the Arabidopsis root tip.
One of the longstanding mysteries about plants is how they grow, because the rigid external cell wall that gives them structural support also constrains cells from expanding. Wolfgang Busch and collaborators discovered a fluorescent dye that, paired with other imaging techniques, reveals root growth to be influenced by the plant hormone auxin. Insights into auxin could inform the production of faster-growing crops or help mitigate such effects of climate change as drought or early flowering.
 
Click here to read A better dye job for roots-in plants

From left: Santosh Satbhai and Wolfgang Busch
Just like people, plants need iron to grow and stay healthy. But some plants are better at getting this essential nutrient from the soil than others. Now, a study led by Wolfgang Busch has found that variants of a single gene can largely determine a plant's ability to thrive in environments where iron is scarce.


Click here to read Helping plants pump iron

Eiman Azim named Pew Scholar

Eiman Azim
The Pew Charitable Trusts announced that Eiman Azim, an assistant professor in Salk's Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, is one of 22 researchers to be named a Pew Scholar in the Biomedical Sciences and one of a subset of five Pew Scholars selected for support by the Kathryn W. Davis Peace by Pieces Fund, which focuses on investigating health challenges in the brain as it ages.



Salk's Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center partners with imaging giant ZEISS

From left: James A. Sharp, President, Carl Zeiss Microscopy LLC; Uri Manor, PhD, Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center Core Director; Elizabeth Blackburn, PhD, President, Salk Institute; Jacob A. James, Managing Director, Waitt Foundation
The Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center and ZEISS, a Germany-based company that develops cutting-edge optical and optoelectronic technologies, announced a global partnership this month to accelerate the frontiers of microscopy and imaging technologies. The Waitt Center will receive access to ZEISS' state-of-the-art technology before it's commercially available while providing critical feedback to ZEISS.


Nicola Allen nominated to prestigious Young Scientists group

Nicola Allen
Assistant Professor Nicola Allen has joined one of the most elite global communities, the World Economic Forum's Young Scientists, who comprise today's "most forward-thinking and advanced scientific minds" under the age of 40. Allen will speak about the state of global neuroscience at the Annual Meeting of the New Champions, an event involving 90 countries and 2,000 participants convened by the forum, July 27-29, in Dalian, China. 

Salk Mentions in the Press 
Joanne Chory profiled by Howard Hughes Medical Institute

 Click here for the HHMI article »
Ron Evans  profiled for his "exercise-in-a-pill" research

Click here for the Readers Digest article »
Salk in The New York Review of Books - "A Mystic Monumentality"

Scripps, Salk independently make key biological advance

Salk Institute named one of most beautiful, best aging buildings in world

A breakthrough in gene editing, CRISPR, gives humans unprecedented access to source of life

View the video from NBC Sunday Night with Megyn Kelly »
Satchin Panda's latest research on time-restricted feeding in The Scientist

Janelle Ayres profiled in STAT magazine 

Events

Symphony at Salk

SAVE THE DATE

22nd Annual Symphony at Salk
August, 26, 2017
Tickets go on sale on July 5, 2017.  Sponsorships available NOW! 

San Diego Art Institute presents Extra-Ordinary Collusion 


For this exhibition artists were paired with scientists from the Salk Institute and invited to tour the scientists' labs and learn about their state-of-the-art research. Using this visit as the impetus for the exhibition, artists created new work based on their conversations and interactions with the scientists. The artists in Extra-Ordinary Collusion come from various disciplines including painting, sculpture, installation, new media, and conceptual art.

The exhibition will run through July 2.


Wednesday, June 28, 6:00 p.m.-8:00 p.m.
A discussion with some of the artist/scientist teams
($5, cash bar) 
Marisol Rendón with Axel Nimmerjahn from the Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, David Fobes with Tatyana Sharpee from the Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, TML Dunn, and Debby & Larry Kline 
Location: San Diego Art Institute, 1439 El Prado, San Diego, CA 92101



Women in Science

Tuesday
July 11, 2017
4:00 p.m. - 6:00 p.m.

Women Innovators in Human Health
From Bench to Bedside 
Hear some of the world's leading female scientists, clinicians, innovators and entrepreneurs explain their solutions for improving lives. 

We invite you to bring a friend!  RSVP to:
Lisa Cashman
(858) 453-4100 x1227 or 
[email protected].

Images

Salk Institute science images

This month's image comes from  a recent press release from the lab of Rusty Gage . The image displays a stylized microscopy image of an astrocyte (red) and neuron (green). Blue circles indicate cell nuclei. Credit: Salk Institute/Waitt Center.

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