Children should learn about navigating their emotions from an early age, says sociologist Thomas Scheff.
He refers to emotions as "internal events," intangible cues working as "signals that alert us to the state of the world inside and around us."
He argues that helping kids to learn and talk about emotions will in turn provide them with the tools needed to better understand and manage their feelings over time.
"The emotion world is a big mess in modern society because we haven't really defined what we mean by the different emotions," says Scheff, an emeritus professor of sociology at the University of California, Santa Barbara. "Emotions are defined one by another. Anger is a kind of rage. Well, what is rage then? Everything is ambiguous and unclear.
"It's extremely important-and I'm particularly interested in starting early, in kindergarten-because I think our children need to get introduced to emotions in a different way. To withdraw and ignore is what many people do to deal with emotions, but you can also hide one emotion behind another. In cases where one learns to hide shame behind anger and aggression, for example, that can actually turn out to be extremely dangerous."
Acknowledging the popular movement toward social-emotional education for K-12 students, he contends that while the social portion appears to be succeeding, the emotional component is still lacking.
Six Emotions
After spending many years studying the stigma of mental illness, Scheff has devoted the second half of his career to research on emotions and the impact of lingering taboos around owning our emotions and calling them by name. His work has examined the destructive nature of shame and its role in anger and aggression and our cultural proclivity to dismiss emotions as mere "feelings," rather than recognize them as the physiological occurrences that they are.
In the new work, published in the journal
Medical Sciences, Scheff offers a provisional way to begin adding emotion components to K-12 cooperative teaching, based on descriptions of each of six emotions: grief, fear, anger, pride, shame, and excessive fatigue.
"In modern societies, understanding emotions is beset by an elemental difficulty: the meaning of words that refer to emotion are so confused that we hardly know what we are talking about," he writes. "When compared to beliefs and actual studies about behavior, thoughts, attitudes, perception, and the material world, the realm of emotions is still terra incognita.
"A common assumption is that emotions are unimportant, yet they may play a key role in the behaviors of individuals and even of nations."
'Tell me about some of your best moments'
Beginning to address that gap could be as easy as giving kids a simple prompt: "Tell me about some of your best moments."
"I've done this in seminars at the university, where I'd start them talking about the best moments in their lives and not only do they laugh, but they also sometimes cry, and they like it," Scheff says.
"There is a way of approaching young people with emotions without scaring them to death and it involves getting the positive parts of their lives so that they will eventually talk about the more difficult things. It often turns out that some emotion being ignored or hidden is what's causing the difficulty.
"There is a way of teaching emotions and I think it's necessary for our personal lives, as a mass, as a nation, to start working on it."
The Bottom Line for Mentors
As stated in the article, discussing emotions does not have to be an intimidating conversation. While "becoming emotional" is often seen as a negative, not all subjects or contexts associated with emotions share, or should share, the same connotation.
By focusing on your mentees' positive experiences as a first step, the discussion can serve as a fun and secure way to both grow closer to your mentee and lay the foundations for more discussions in the future by sharing their experiences with them. Such discussions are also a positive way for mentors to interact with their own emotions as well.
