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Hilchos Tefilla 127 (page 302)
מתחילת סימן קכז עד סימן קכח
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Modim D'rabonon
Bowing for Modim D'rabonon
The Final Beracha of Shemoneh Esrei
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Chazal mandated that the
tzibur should recite
modim d'rabonon while the
chazan recites
modim in his repetition. The
chazan can represent the people when reciting the requests found in the other
berachos of
Shemoneh Esrei, but since
Modim is an expression of thanks, it should be done in person. All people present in the shul, even those not
davening, should join in reciting
modim d'rabonon. People who are standing outside do not need to join.
(
סעיף א; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 2)
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Bowing for modim d'rabonon
When the
chazan reaches
modim, everyone present in shul should bow with him and recite
modim d'rabonon. When bowing, one should not bow so low that his head is below his waist. According to some
poskim, it is not necessary to do a proper bow; one can simply nod his head. According to the Rama, one should remain bowed for the entire recitation. A variation of this opinion is that one should remain slightly bowed throughout, but bow more deeply at the beginning and end. According to the Mechaber, one should bow once at the beginning and again at the end. According to the Gra, it is proper to straighten out when reciting the words "for you are our G-d" and it is not necessary to bow at the end.
(
סעיף א, ס"ק ה, וביה"ל ד"ה ויש וד"ה הכל; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 7)
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The final beracha of Shemoneh Esrei
According to the Arizal,
Sim Shalom is always the final
beracha of
Shemoneh Esrei. According to
nusach Ashkenaz,
Sim Shalom is recited only during those
tefillos eligible for
birkas kohanim (i.e.
Shacharis,
Musaf, and
mincha on a
ta'anis tzibur).
Shalom Rov is said during all other
tefillos. According to the Rama -- and this is the prevalent custom in Eretz Yisrael --
Sim Shalom is recited at
Mincha on Shabbos because it praises Hashem for giving us the Torah which is read on that occasion. One fulfills his obligation if he says
Sim Shalom instead of
Shalom Rov or vice versa.
(
סעיף ב וס"ק יב-יג; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 14)
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- If a chazan made a mistake in his personal Shemoneh Esrei which requires him to repeat the tefilla, he may consider chazaras hashatz as the makeup tefilla.
- If the chazan must repeat chazaras hashatz,kedusha is recited the second time as well. The poskim discuss whether birkas kohanim is repeated.
- If people become aware that there is a dead body in a room where a kohein is daveningShemoneh Esrei, it is incumbent on them to inform him immediately.
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- The mitzva of birkas kohanim
- Using the words of birkas kohanim for other occasions
- A minyan for birkas kohanim
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PLEASE NOTE: The information in this email is for learning purposes only. Please review the Mishna Berura and Biurim U'Musafim before making a halachic decision. Hebrew words are occasionally transliterated to enable a smoother reading of the text. Common Ashkenazi pronunciation is generally used in these cases.
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