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Hilchos Berachos 56-57 (page 179)
מסעיף ב עד תחילת סימן נח
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When to Respond Amen to Barechu
Standing and Bowing for Barechu
The Response of Amen Yehei Sheme Rabbah
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When to respond Amen to barechu
There is an opinion that holds that after the
chazan says
baruch Hashem hamevorach, etc., the congregation should answer
Amen. Most
poskim hold that it is unnecessary for people to respond
Amen since they already recited that verse themselves. Regarding this issue, some
poskim differentiate between places in
davening where it is permissible to interrupt (e.g. the
barechu of
kriyas haTorah) and places where it is forbidden to interrupt (e.g.
barechu before
birchos kriyas Shema). Someone who was unable to respond to
barechu when the congregation was saying it may answer
Amen to the
chazan's repetition. The
chazan does not respond
Amen to the congregation's recital of
baruch Hashem hamevorach because he will say those words himself in just a few seconds.
(
סימן נז, ס"ק ד)
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Standing and bowing for barechu
The
tzibur should stand when the
chazan says
barechu and when they respond. They do not need to remain standing while the
chazan repeats
baruch Hashem hamevorach. Some have the custom of putting their feet together in the stlye of
Shemone Esrei when saying
barechu. It is also customary for the
chazan, and in many congregations for the
tzibur, to bow when reciting
barechu. According to some
poskim, the people should face east when they bow. According to other
poskim, there is no preference as to the direction of the bow.
(
סימן נז, ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 3)
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The response of Amen yehei sheme rabbah
According to some
poskim, when responding to
yehei sheme rabbah one should continue reciting the
kaddish until the words
da'amiran b'olma, v'imru Amen. According to this opinion, it is also forbidden to pause between the words
olmaya and
yisbarach. A second opinion stops the response before the word
yisbarach. A third opinion sees the phrases of
olmaya and
yisbarach as separate concepts and requires a pause between the words. Accordingly, one should stop his response after
olmaya. If one's response took so long that the
chazan already started to say the rest of
kaddish, he should continue reciting the words of
kaddish (pausing between
olmaya and
yisbarach) until he catches up to the
chazan.
(
סימן נו, סעיף ג וס"ק טו; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 24)
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- Responding Amen yehei shemei rabbah is a great mitzvah and it supersedes responding to kedusha. Someone who hears kaddish from one minyan at the same time as he hears kedusha from another should respond yehei shemei rabbah rather than respond to kedusha.
- According to the Rama, it is proper to stand when responding to kaddish, kedusha, barechu or any other davar shebekedusha. If one was sitting before kaddish began, he should rise when responding. Some poskim hold that it is not necessary to rise. If kaddish began at a time when people were already standing, they should remain standing.
- It is proper to respond yehei shemei rabbah out loud in order to help one focus on the meaning of the words and to annul any pending severe decrees. One should not raise his voice in a way that it will attract ridicule.
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- When can one begin saying pesukei d'zimra?
- The latest time for reciting kriyas Shema
- Davening close to sunrise
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PLEASE NOTE: The information in this email is for learning purposes only. Please review the Mishna Berura and Biurim U'Musafim before making a halachic decision. Hebrew words are occasionally transliterated to enable a smoother reading of the text. Common Ashkenazi pronunciation is generally used in these cases.
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