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Hilchos Tefila 89-90 (page 242)
מסעיף ח עד סימן צ סעיף ד
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Davening Early Versus Davening in Transit While Seated
The Earliest Times for the Parts of Davening
Davening While Standing on a Raised Area
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Davening
early versus davening in transit while seated
Someone who must set out on a journey early and cannot wait until
neitz to
daven may
daven before
neitz. If the choices are
davening at home before
mesheyakir or sitting for
davening while in transit, according to the Mechaber he should recite
Shemoneh Esrei after the horizon lights up, and recite
Shema and its
berachos after
mesheyakir. A second opinion holds that he should recite the complete
davening in its correct order after
mesheyakir, even if he ends up having to recite the
tefillos seated or while walking. The
minhag follows the second opinion.
(
סימן פט, סעיף ח, ס"ק לט, מ ו־מב, וביה"ל ד"ה בשעת; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 50)
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The earliest times for the parts of davening
Someone who must
daven before
neitz should omit
Kriyas Shema and its
berachos and should not recite the
beracha on
tallis and
tefillin prior to
mesheyakir. If he recited those parts of the
tefilla after
alos but before
misheyakir, he is
yotzei b'dieved and should not repeat the
berachos later.
Birchos hashachar, with the exception of
asher nosan l'sechvi, may be recited before
alos. The
parshios of the
korbanos should be said during the day, but if that is not possible they can be recited before
alos.
Pesukei d'zimra (including the
berachos) may be recited prior to
mesheyakir, and according to some
poskim, even prior to
alos.
(
סימן פט, ס"ק לט-מ; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 47-49; ביה"ל סימן סא, סעיף א, ד"ה זמן)
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Davening
while standing on a raised area
It is forbidden to stand on any object (including a chair or stool) when
Davening
Shemoneh Esrei. Three reasons are given for this: 1) People do not find it easy to concentrate when they are afraid of falling. According to this reasoning, it should be forbidden to stand on anything of significant height. 2)
Tefilla is like the
avoda of the Beis Hamikdash, which the
kohanim had to perform with their feet on the ground. 3) It is not proper to stand before a king on anything higher than three
tefachim. According to this reasoning, even standing on elevated ground that is three
tefachim high is a problem.
(
סימן צ, סעיף א וס"ק א, ב ו־ו; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 2, 4 ו־5; וראה שם, 1)
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- According to some poskim, once the horizon lights up it is forbidden for someone who typically davens alone to begin learning Torah, whether at home or at a shul that will not have a minyan.
- It is forbidden to start a meal (i.e. bread or cake larger than an egg; intoxicating drinks) from a half an hour before dawn until after one dons tefillin, recites Shema, and davensShemoneh Esrei.
- After alos, it is forbidden to enter a bathhouse to bathe until one has davened. The contemporary poskim discuss whether modern showers are included in the prohibition.
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- Davening in a closed area versus an open area
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PLEASE NOTE: The information in this email is for learning purposes only. Please review the Mishna Berura and Biurim U'Musafim before making a halachic decision. Hebrew words are occasionally transliterated to enable a smoother reading of the text. Common Ashkenazi pronunciation is generally used in these cases.
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