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Hilchos Berachos 55 (page 176)
מסעיף יז עד סעיף כב
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Is Davening in an Adjacent Room Considered Tefilla B'tzibur?
When is it Forbidden to Respond to Barechu?
The Obligation to Participate in a Minyan on the Yamim Noraim
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Is davening in an adjacent room considered tefilla b'tzibur?
The idea that ten people scattered in different locations do not combine to form a
minyan is also relevant to the halachos of
tefilla b'tzibur. When a
minyan is
davening in one room, an individual
davening away from the group in a nearby room is not considered to be
davening with the
tzibur. If the only entrance to the main room of the
minyan is through the room where the individual is
davening, there is an opinion that considers his
davening to be
tefilla b'tzibur. A second opinion considers it
tefilla b'tzibur even if there is another entrance to the main room.
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When is it forbidden to respond to Barechu?
Some
poskim hold that a person standing outside a shul is required to respond to
kaddish,
kedusha and
Barechu when he hears them from the
minyan inside. Some
poskim exempt him from responding, particularly if responding will interrupt his Torah study or
davening. According to some
poskim, if there is something disgusting (e.g. a bathroom or house of idol worship) or a
goy standing between him and the shul, it is forbidden for him to answer
Amen. These things form a barrier between him and the
Shechina present in the shul. A second opinion holds this way only with regards to
Barechu.
(
סעיף כ וס"ק ס-סה; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 75; וראה שם, 76)
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The obligation to participate in a
minyan on the
Yamim Noraim
If someone who lives in an area that has just enough people for a
minyan wants to go away for the Yamim Noraim, he must hire a replacement to take his place at the
minyan. Even someone who has gone away for many years (when there were enough people to make a
minyan without him) must provide a replacement if the population has decreased and he is needed to make a
minyan. However, if everybody traveled to a different city for the Yamim Noraim in the past and now they want to change and
daven locally, they cannot insist that he join them or hire a replacement.
(
סעיף כא וביה"ל ד"ה עיר; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 82)
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- For a group of people to be counted as one minyan, they must all be in one location (e.g. one room). People in two different locations, such as separate rooms, cannot be counted as a minyan even if there is an open door between the rooms.
- People standing in a doorway can sometimes be counted towards the minyan. The halacha depends on the precise spot where they are standing, the size of the doorframe and the location of the door in the opening.
- According to the Mechaber, if groups of people can see each other they can join for a minyan even if there is some distance between them. L'chatchila, a minyan should have all the people together but in times of need it is possible to be lenient.
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- Activities forbidden while listening to kaddish
- Must kaddish be recited according to the local custom?
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PLEASE NOTE
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The information in this email is for learning purposes only. Please review the Mishna Berura and Biurim U'Musafim before making a halachic decision. Hebrew words are occasionally transliterated to enable a smoother reading of the text. Common Ashkenazi pronunciation is generally used in these cases.
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