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Hilchos Kriyas Shema 58 (page 182)
מסימן נח סעיף ד עד תחילת סימן נט
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Reciting the Evening Shema in the Morning
Reciting the Berachos After the Correct Time
The Tefilla Aspect of Shema
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Reciting the evening Shema in the morning
If circumstances prevented a person from reciting
kriyas Shema in the evening, he may recite it until sunrise. He may also recite the
berachos from
Ma'ariv, except for the
beracha of
Hashkiveinu. The
poskim discuss whether it is permissible to recite the morning
kriyas Shema at the same time [if it is after
alos]. One opinion offers a compromise: if he read the evening
Shema before
misheyakir, he can read the morning
Shema after
misheyakir. If he missed the evening
Shema because of neglect, the Chachomim penalized him and do not permit him to recite
Shema after
alos.
(
סעיף ה וס"ק ה-כב, עם הרחבת מקור שבשעה"צ ס"ק יד; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 22-23)
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Reciting the berachos after the correct time
Someone who did not recite
Shema at the proper time may still recite it with the
berachos until the end of the fourth seasonal hour of the day (the end of
zman tefilla). This reading is too late for him to fulfill the
mitzva of
Shema, but he will fulfill the
mitzva of remembering
yetzias Mitzrayim (which,
b'dieved, can be done all day) through reading
parshas
Vayomer. After the fourth hour it is forbidden to recite the
berachos. Someone who had an
ones might able to recite the
berachos even later.
(
סעיף ו, ס"ק כו-כז, וביה"ל ד"ה קוראה; ביאורים ומוספים דרשו, 26; וראה שם, 28)
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The
tefila aspect of
Shema
According to some authorities, in addition to the basic
mitzva involved in
krias Shema there is also an aspect of
davening in its recitation. Accordingly, someone who did not recite either the day or night
Shema can recite it later in the day to compensate for the lost
tefila, even though it is too late to fulfill the
mitzva of
Shema. This can be done in the same manner as someone who missed a different
tefila. If someone missed the morning
Shemone Esrei, he can make it up by repeating the
Mincha
Shemone Esrei. Likewise, if someone missed the morning
Shema, he can make it up by reciting the evening
Shema a second time. Other
poskim hold that a missed
Shema cannot be made up.
(
סעיף ז וס"ק כח-כט)
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- Someone who will be unable to recite Shema during its allotted time may recite it after alos, since m'doraisa it is already day.
- The poskim permit someone who will not have the opportunity to don tefillin later to don them and recite Shema with them immediately after alos.
- It is proper to daven Shacharis as early as possible. One reason is because it is forbidden to do any personal work before davening like it is forbidden to perform any work prior to any mitzva. Additionally, there is an urgency to recite Shema as early as possible, which like any mitzvad'oraisa must be performed at the first opportunity.
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- If a combined beracha Mezonos/Shehakol was recited on water
- Correcting a beracha within the time of toch kdei dibur
- "The conclusion decides all"
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PLEASE NOTE: The information in this email is for learning purposes only. Please review the Mishna Berura and Biurim U'Musafim before making a halachic decision. Hebrew words are occasionally transliterated to enable a smoother reading of the text. Common Ashkenazi pronunciation is generally used in these cases.
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